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谨防股指高位回调风险

2017-09-11 09:22:39   中国经济网

那么中国经济整体运行状况如何呢?8月的CPI同比增幅为1.8%,1—8月全国居民消费价格总水平比去年同期上涨1.5%。该数据低于年初既定目标,意味着物价温和上涨,为未来政策留有一定的空间。PPI指数经过一轮上涨后,也有走弱迹象。这和前期去库存有关,大宗商品价格大幅上涨,部分行业经营效益明显好转,开始增加产量,市场供给充足,商品价格涨势趋缓。工业增加值增幅和社会消费品零售总额(需求)同比增幅并没有明显变化,说明工业整体发展并没有明显好转;社会需求在工业出厂价格上涨的情况下没有明显增长,意味着消费量有所减少,即需求前景不是很乐观。

综合分析,中国经济是真趋好,但并没有预期的那么好。从克强指数分析,工业明显好转,但是工业对经济增长的贡献度在降低,使得经济增幅没有明显变化。供给侧改革淘汰一批落后产能,商品供给减少,价格上升,但整个工业增加值同比增幅没有明显好转,这说明价格上涨带来的好处不是整个行业受益,而是行业内部分企业受益,同时价格的上涨导致供给增加,价格涨势趋弱,企业的经营或面临新一轮的困境。目前国内经济发展由供给端推动,这种经济趋好的势头要弱于需求拉动。前期去产能的效应一旦消化殆尽,供给快速增加,那经济运行前景不太乐观。因此,我们认为,国内经济运行并不如预期的好,现在的好转主要得益于前期的供给侧改革,而不是经济进入复苏期。股市大幅上行缺乏坚实的基础。

主板上涨动力是否充足?

本轮股市上行主要是主板股票拉动的,中小板和创业板并没有多大变化。从统计数据分析,自5月11日到9月8日,上证50指数从2318.05点涨到2686.69点,上涨约370点,涨幅16%;沪深300指数由3322.95点涨到3825.99点,上涨约500点,涨幅15%;中证500指数从5856.41点涨到6574.18点,上涨约700点,涨幅12%。从这一数据分析,权重板块、蓝筹板块、中小板和创业板的涨幅都差不多,共同推动国内A股市场上涨。但是纵向对比差别很大,上证50指数不但创出年内新高,且远高于4月中旬的高点,沪深300指数也呈现同样的走势,而中证500指数没有突破4月中旬的高点,更没有创出年内新高。这就说明,权重股和蓝筹股的上涨是真正的上涨,而中小板和创业板指数在修正前期的行情,部分股票并没有出现好转。

以权重股、蓝筹股为代表的国内A股上涨的动因是什么?我们认为是由前期国企改革红利释放、供给侧改革稳步推进等因素推动的。国企改革红利将继续释放,但边际效应逐渐递减,对行业龙头企业的推动作用也将降低,减弱其股票上行的动力。供给侧改革推进,产品价格大幅上涨,这必将使一些企业增加产能,提高开工率,最大可能地享受产品价格上涨带来的好处。虽然部分落后产能被淘汰,但现存的产能依然超出现有的需求,这些被搁置的产能正在被重新启用,未来供给将增加,产品价格涨势或难以为继。我们认为,本轮的利多因素已经被市场充分解读,要想继续上涨,需要新的利多因素。

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