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奋进中的洋河

2017-09-08 21:21:53   中国经济网

理财和存款哪怕差1%年化收益,300多亿元现金,半年时间也相当于零成本收获沱牌舍得+老白干+金种子3家上市公司的经营成果,所耗人力物力小到可以忽略。管中窥豹、一叶知秋,对现金的态度,完全可以推而广之到所有的经营活动上去。

洋河和五粮液,上半年报表营收有41亿元的差距。但事实上,真实差距可能并没有财报数字显示得这么大,部分差异可能藏在“其他应付款”科目里。

在中报91页显示,洋河有“经销商尚未结算的折扣27.14亿元”并由此产生“递延所得税资产6.79亿元”(中报87页)。按照中报67页的洋河收入确认规则理解,公司按照行业规则给经销商的销售返点,不计入营业收入,直接计为欠经销商的债务。

在五粮液、老窖和古井贡的收入确认规则中,无同类条款。对照过去3年里几家公司销售费用与营业收入的比例,笔者推测,五粮液、老窖和古井贡均是按照全价计入营业收入,然后再将给经销商的返点计入销售费用,从而导致五粮液、老窖、古井贡的销售费用率显著大于洋河的销售费用率。

如果这个推测成立,也就意味着按照同口径比较,洋河和五粮液的真实营收差距会小于报表数据。

若是看净利润数据,会发现二季度五粮液净利润13.8亿元,洋河净利润11.7亿元,单季差距仅有2.1亿元。这样的差距,以洋河的进取精神,笔者认为,有理由对三五年内洋河在营收或净利润数据上,追上乃至超越五粮液持乐观态度。

当下对洋河的乐观,主要来自于省外市场的迅速扩张,以及高端品牌梦之蓝的高速增长。洋河与五粮液老窖的打法不同,五粮液和老窖是利用品牌优势,全国掐尖儿。而洋河是先在竞争激烈的江苏市场练兵,将渠道管控和产品推广做到极致,然后向省外复制,命名为“新江苏市场”,很有点曾国藩“扎硬寨、打呆仗”的意思。

江苏一省之内,洋河能做到年销售额超百亿元(上半年62.6亿元),仍然保持着高达11%的营收增长。而省外市场上半年营收已经越过50亿元,重点打造的河南、安徽、山东、浙江、上海等“新江苏市场”渐入佳境,完全可能延续江苏市场深度挖掘的模板,扛起推动公司业绩再上台阶的大旗。

据公司披露,高端品牌梦之蓝上半年增速超过50%。目前,公司已将梦之蓝品牌独立运作,目标是打造一个和茅台、五粮液齐名的高端品牌。另外,定价超越飞天茅台的洋河手工班,上半年也是风起云涌,利用各处的经销权拍卖,推起一波一波的市场热潮。

在炎热的二季度是白酒的传统淡季,洋河实现了39.4亿元的单季营收和11.7亿元的单季净利润,同比增速高达17.6%,超过了传统旺季一季度11%的增速,笔者仿佛已经听见引擎加速的声音。

以半年业绩的两倍口径简单估算,公司市盈率仅17倍,在全部白酒业上市公司中位列倒数第二。按照财报预告的前三季度增长10%-20%区间取中值15%推测全年业绩,当前市盈率也不足20倍,远低于白酒行业平均市盈率,明显低估。这样的估值条件下,笔者认为,投资者无须过于关注股价短期波动,静静等待洋河的成长和绽放就好。

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