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张连起:中国经济是否迎来新周期

2017-09-06 17:36:43   中国经济网

新动能对经济增长的影响。随着颠覆性创新增多,后来者在很多领域不需要模仿前人就可以做得很好。这比较像电子管、晶体管、大规模集成电路间的代际更替,后来者可以忽略做电子管、晶体管的过程,直接研发集成电路。中国作为具有后发优势的国家,在新经济时代可以利用颠覆性创新的机会实现超越。当然,新动能对经济增长的挑战也不容忽视。新工业革命已有多年,在此期间爆发了国际金融危机,各种颠覆性创新并没有带动发达经济体全面复苏。不仅如此,新技术的不断涌现,也会加剧经济发展失衡,掌握先进技术和创新能力的技术型人才和普通劳动者之间的贫富差距可能会加大。

中国经济进入到滚石上山、爬坡过坎的关键阶段。如何跨越这一阶段?习近平总书记指出,答案是不能片面追求增长速度,而是要立足自身、放眼长远,推进结构性改革,探寻新的增长动力和发展路径。要把握新工业革命的机遇,以创新促增长、促转型,积极投身智能制造、互联网+、数字经济、共享经济等带来的创新发展浪潮,努力领风气之先,加快新旧动能转换。

据一项调查显示,高铁、网购、支付宝、共享单车,成为这些在华外国人心目中的中国“新四大发明”(古老中国创造的指南针、造纸、火药、印刷术四大发明曾经改写世界历史)。如今的“新四大发明”正改变着中国人的生活,也为解决人类问题贡献了中国智慧、提供了中国方案。

如果说高铁是中国人织就的联通中国各地、联通中国与世界的一张有形的网,那网购则是中国人缔造的联通中国各地、联通世界每个角落的一张无形的网。支付宝则是全球生产者、经营者和消费者,超越地缘限制在这张无形的网上轻松交易的金融血脉。共享单车就是解决“最后一公里”难题的健身“小伙伴”。

“新四大发明”织就了一张张有形无形的网。这是中国对世界的标志性贡献,也是当今新动能推动消费升级的具体体现。

新动能长一分,中国经济效益长一寸。传统动能改造提升和新动能发展空间很大,但新动能成长不是一个自然而然的过程,顺利实现新旧动能转换离不开全面深化改革和政府职能转变。随着经济发展阶段的转变,政府治理经济的模式也要相应改革,特别是要着力优化营商环境,为企业创造公平竞争和有助于优胜劣汰的市场环境,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,使企业得到更快发展,让新经济新动能脱颖而出、茁壮成长。

作者:张连起,会计审计学家、资深注册会计师,人文会计首倡者与践行者。全国政协委员、提案委员会委员。兼任财政部会计标准战略委员会委员、财政部内部控制委员会委员、财政部管理会计咨询专家、最高人民检察院特约检察员、中国与全球化智库(CCG)特邀高级研究员等职,担任多家著名大学客座教授。

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