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深挖民生银行2017年糟糕中报:未来还能更坏吗?

2017-09-06 09:12:07   中国经济网

如 果再仔细考察影响银行净利润的两个核心指标:利息净收入与中间业务收入,民生银行交出的成绩更是大跌眼镜。中报显示,民生银行上半年利息净收入为411亿 元,同比大跌13.33%。在银行中间业务占有重要地位的手续费及佣金净收入方面,民生银行上半年该项收入为244.77亿元,同比减少35.82亿元, 降幅12.77%。

归属于母公司股东的净利润尽管实现3.18%的正增长,但主要归功于免税业务(免税国债及地方政府债券利息)大增,所得税率降低,而并非民生银行在核心业务端产生的净利。

如果横向对比,民生银行的利息净收入连续三年在5家股份制银行中垫底,中间业务不进反退,手续费及佣金净收入同比减少12.77%。在银行传统业务息差收窄的背景下,对于资产规模相对较小的股份制银行而言,中间业务已成为盈利增长的新突破口。

与 此形成鲜明对比的是,2017年中信银行把中间业务作为上调整收入结构的着力点,上半年中间业务收入占比达 35%,比去年末提升 3.7 个百分点,占收入贡献超过60%。兴业银行也发力凶猛,上半年零售中间业务净收入82.9亿元,同比增长2.8%;资产托管中间业务收入 20.64 亿元,同比增长 1.47%;手续费及佣金收入达197.31亿元,较上年同期大增10.47%。

小微之王:历经三年收缩后能否再次为民生破局?

在2014年8月以后,民生银行正式进入“后董文标”时代。多项数据表明,在股东变阵后,民生曾经引以为傲的小微业务面临持续收缩。

在 业内,曾流传过这样的评价:“零售看招行,同业看兴业,小微看民生。” 2009年,民生银行正式将小微业务定位核心战略之一。随后,民生银行逐年实现了小微业务从量到质的突破:从2010到2013年相继跨越了1000亿、 2000亿、3000亿和4000亿元大关。到2014年,民生银行全年小微贷款发放额达到4,537亿元,小微企业贷款余额达到4,027亿元,小微客 户总数达到291.19万户。

5年时间,民生银行打造出了小微金融的金字招牌,以“小微之王”闻名业内。

2014年8月中旬,57岁的董文标在连任三届董事长后跟民生作了告别,时任行长洪崎接任。自彼时起,小微业务作为民生银行的核心战略初露调整端倪。

2014 年年底,洪崎在股东大会上表示,除了小微和民营企业客户,民生银行还将重点攻战略客户,更关注在混合所有制方面以及大型的、能带动中间收入的客户,包括同 业的战略客户等。与此同时,洪崎还指出,民生银行2014年存量客户的户均贷款余额从2012年末的270 万元下降至170万元,未来贷款余额还会继续下沉。

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