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一年期以上同业存单今起停发 1400亿存量静待到期

2017-09-01 09:56:09   央广网

每经记者 张喜威 每经编辑 毕陆名

随着同业存单规模的迅猛扩张,其背后隐藏的风险也逐渐引起监管层的注意。

中国民生银行首席研究员温彬表示,超过一年期的同业存单占比较低,停止发行并不会带来较大影响。总体而言,随着超过一年期的陆续到期后,未来同业存单业务就会更加突出其应有的作用和特征。

回归流动性管理本源

2013年12月9日,央行出台的《同业存单管理暂行办法》(以下简称《暂行办法》)正式施行,这也意味着整个银行业期盼已久的同业存单业务正式落地。

《暂行办法》第八条规定:同业存单的发行利率、发行价格等以市场化方式确定。其中,固定利率存单期限原则上不超过1年,为1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月和1年,参考同期限上海银行间同业拆借利率定价。浮动利率存单以上海银行间同业拆借利率为浮动利率基准计息,期限原则上在1年以上,包括1年、2年和3年。

此次央行发布公告,将上述内容修改为“同业存单期限不超过1年,为1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月和1年,可按固定利率或浮动利率计息,并参考同期限上海银行间同业拆借利率定价”。

对于央行作出这一调整的原因,联讯证券研究院宏观组研究员钟林楠分析认为,一是让存单回归银行流动性管理的本源。同业存单从诞生之日起,其主要目的就在于便于银行进行流动性管理、进行短期资金的调剂,一年期以上的同业存单期限较长,用于资金调剂“大材小用”,在某种程度上反而是有利于金融机构套作理财或其他同业资管产品,这不利于当前“脱虚向实、整治金融乱象”的政策实施。

“二是堵住监管‘缺口’。央行提出将一年期以内同业存单纳入MPA同业负债考核项后,若不堵住一年期以上的口子,容易出现部分银行发行一年期以上同业存单替换一年以内存单,规避监管的现象。”钟林楠进一步表示。

温彬也认同上述观点,并同时指出,同业存单实际上是商业银行进行流动性管理的一个重要工具,它的本质是调节金融机构间流动性的一个工具。如果把期限拉长到一年、两年,甚至三年,同业存单的作用就可能异化为金融机构进行增加负债的重要渠道。一些金融机构可能会出现通过同业存单来加杠杆,进行资产扩张,这就会导致金融同业业务快速扩张,以至于引起资金空转等问题。所以,让同业存单回归本源,强调其作为金融机构流动性管理工具的功能是非常重要的。

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