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多家上市银行加速业务结构调整

2017-08-31 18:01:20   光明网

8月29日,民生银行、兴业银行、浦发银行、江苏银行和贵阳银行发布2017年半年报。截至29日,共有20家A股上市银行发布了半年报。通过梳理公开数据可看出,受到多重因素影响,多家银行正在加速调整业务结构,一方面收缩同业业务,一方面加快投放表内贷款,尤其是部分股份制银行,持续加大对零售贷款投放态势明显。

受到监管层政策指引以及金融市场利率中枢上升影响,银行尤其是城商行同业业务规模明显收缩。根据目前已披露的20家A股上市银行半年报,相较一季度末,近三分之二银行的同业资产出现了不同程度的下降,13家同业负债出现下降趋势。

同业资产包含存放同业款项、拆出资金和买入返售金融资产三项。数据显示,从下降幅度来看,无锡银行的同业资产规模从期初余额64.3亿元降至中报本期余额16.3亿元,降幅达74.7%,是目前已经公布数据的上市农商行中,同业资产规模降幅最大的。南京银行、中信银行、华夏银行和宁波银行四家银行同业资产较2017年一季报下降23.64%、18.13%、16.87%和15.74%,三个月内降幅逾一成。

同业负债包含同业及其他金融机构存放款项、拆入资金以及卖出回购金融资产三项。常熟银行、中信银行、招商银行、南京银行四家银行较一季度分别下降24.62%、13.87%、8.07%、7.56%。其中,南京银行在同业负债端,已由去年上半年的1571.60亿降至629.95亿,在一季度681.47亿的基础上继续下降。

同业业务的收缩对银行收入和利润也产生了一定影响,数据显示,多家股份制银行上半年营业收入同比出现下降。中国人民大学重阳金融研究院客座研究员董希淼在接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示,上半年银行的同业资产和同业负债都在下降,对银行盈利结构的影响在于其所带来的利息净收入在营业收入中占比下降。

在压降同业业务的同时,多家银行在表内贷款的投放上持续加大力度。中信银行数据显示,上半年同业资产减少2817亿,下降51.5%;同时确保信贷资产平稳增长,客户贷款增加2132亿,增长7.4%。

而银监会此前披露的数据显示,今年上半年贷款增速开始超过同级的资产增速。今年上半年,银行业金融机构各项贷款余额123.5万亿元,同比增长13.2%,增速快于同期资产增速1.7个百分点,这也是2015年以来的首次。

值得注意的是,信贷资源重点向资本占用及风险相对较低的个人贷款倾斜也成为很多银行业务调整的方向。而从结构来看,上市银行零售贷款增长主要集中于消费贷款、信用卡透支,以及个人住房按揭贷款的增长。

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