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全面客观看待经济形势新变化 兼谈“新周期”讨论

2017-08-26 10:50:52   央广网

这几年,以新发展理念为指导,经济工作的各项部署和一系列政策举措,都有较大调整和转变,我国经济由此走上了新路子、取得了新成绩。在此过程中,中央作出的重大判断、重大调整、重大决策,也经受住了实践的检验。

我国经济从新的道路上走来,又将向哪里去?现在越来越清晰的是,在新发展理念指导下,沿着新的道路继续走下去,必将迎来更加光明的未来。

按照世界银行的定义,高收入经济体的人均国民收入,至少应达到12476美元。综合各方面情况,并做简要定量分析,可以这样说,未来三五年甚至于更长时间,我国经济保持6%至7%的增长,是有基础、有条件、有能力的。在此前提下,我国人均国民收入保持稳定增长,并达到1.2万多美元的水平,也比较有把握。

具体分析当前经济形势,我们要看速度,还要看结构、效益、质量,更要看经济运行背后所发生的深刻变化。

先看速度。今年上半年我国GDP同比增长6.9%,比上年同期增幅提高0.2个百分点,表现好于预期。这表明,我国经济运行在合理区间,保持了稳中向好的态势。

再看企业效益和居民收益。今年1-5月规模以上工业企业主营业务收入和利润总额同比分别增长13.5%和22.7%,增速较上年全年分别上升8.6个和14.2个百分点。上半年全国居民人均可支配收入12932元,比上年同期名义增长8.8%,扣除价格因素,实际增长7.3%;全国居民人均财产净收入1056元,增长9.6%。

令人欣慰的是,我国经济增长质量开始提升、结构优化升级不断加快、发展动能有序转换。其一,上半年规模以上工业战略性新兴产业增加值同比增长10.8%,规模以上工业高技术产业增加值同比增长13.1%,分别高于整个规模以上工业3.9和6.2个百分点。信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业增加值同比增长21.0%。

其二,作为经济增长质量的重要指标,劳动生产率继续提高,全社会劳动生产率约为49135元/人,扣除价格因素,比去年同期增长6.7%。产能利用率回升明显,其中,煤炭、钢铁产能利用率提升较为明显,相关产业利润高速增长。

其三,上半年新增长点和新动能对工业经济助推力加大,全国有近万家新建规模以上工业企业投产,占全部规模以上工业企业的2.6%,对工业增长的贡献率达17.6%。

其四,消费已成为经济增长主要推动力。近3年来,最终消费支出对经济增长的贡献率分别为48.8%、59.7%和64.6%,分别比投资贡献率高1.9个、18.1个和22.4个百分点。今年上半年,消费对经济增长的贡献率达63.4%,比投资高30.7个百分点。

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