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大行撤出小行跟进 绿色金融债发行数量大增规模大降

2017-08-23 11:18:09   新华网

问及大型商业银行对绿色金融债兴趣转淡的原因,华南某大型股份制商业银行金融市场部负责人直言,与上半年市场利率走势直接相关。“大行负债来源多种多样,绿色金融债利率优势大降且资金用途受限,被放弃很正常。相反,中小银行融资渠道受限,在同业存单监管环境收紧的背景下,仍有部分将绿色金融债视为融资良方。”

用格上理财研究员杨晓晴的话来说,“在利率水平普遍上行的情况下,绿色金融债的发行利率优势并不明显,而且自去年初以来,单只债券的发行面额和发行主体评级均呈现下行趋势,可见其市场热度并不理想。此外,2016年绿色金融债发行量较大,今年应该是放慢了步伐,进入缓冲阶段。”

绿色金融债的发行成本上升得不是“一星半点儿”。去年绿色金融债的发行利率普遍介于3.2%~3.9之间,最低者浦发银行首次发行利率仅2.95%,最高者南通农商行年底发行利率为4%。

2017年的情况是,发行利率普遍在4.3%以上。近期发行的数单绿色金融债已有不少利率超过5%。比如,乐山市商业银行8月9日发行的两单绿色金融债券,规模分别为5亿及15亿,利率分别为5.49%及5.1%。

尽管大型商业银行不再来凑绿色金融债的热闹,一些政策性银行仍坚守战场。国家开发银行分别于2月和6月发行一单绿色金融债,两单均为50亿规模,但利率明显变化,分别为3.86%和4.19%。

  金融租赁积极介入

数据传递出来的另一个信息是,近年欣欣向荣的金融租赁业正在努力开拓绿色金融债的乐土。2017年以来,河北金融租赁和华融金融租赁累计发行了4单绿色金融债,合计规模为26亿。

由于不是商业银行出身,金融租赁公司的债券发行利率略高于中小银行。例如,河北金融租赁与南海农商行在8月中旬同期发行绿色金融债,两者的主体评级和债券评级均为AA+,期限均为3年,发行规模分别为5亿元及3亿元,利率则分别为5.79%及4.69%。

尽管市场走淡,杨晓晴认为,“长远来看,绿色金融债引导资金流向低能耗、低排放、低污染领域,起到资源配置作用,对促进绿色产业发展具有重要意义。随着环保力度的加大、经济结构的转型,绿色金融债发展潜力还较大。”(记者 杨卓卿)

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