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下半年“补短板”改革步入攻坚期 收入分配提速

2017-06-30 09:39:44   经济参考报

  医改突破 公立医院改革将全面推开

三医联动的综合改革已经进入深水区,随着相关配套政策密集出台,改革方向细化明晰。取消药品加成、药品流通两票制、医联体等制度建设将是下一步深化医改的重要突破方向。

根据已经确定的时间表,2017年内要基本搭建医联体制度框架,全面启动多种形式的医联体建设试点,三级公立医院要全部参与并发挥引领作用,综合医改试点省份每个地市以及分级诊疗试点城市至少建成一个有明显成效的医联体。

“医联体建设加速推进,在促进优质医疗资源下沉的同时将会加大对医药配送企业的筛选和整合。”业内人士表示,在生产企业中,医联体将会对药企营销和产品定位等系列操作问题提出挑战。部分药企未来虽然会面临压力和挑战,但企业对于医院和大型基层医疗机构这一渠道仍然需要给予最高优先度。企业需要通过调整销售模式,持续推动销量。

2017年,城市公立医院综合改革试点将全面推开。根据要求,7月31日前,所有地市出台城市公立医院综合改革实施方案;9月30日前,全面推开公立医院综合改革,所有公立医院全部取消药品加成(中药饮片除外)。2017年全国公立医院医疗费用平均增长幅度控制在10%以下。到2017年底,前四批试点城市公立医院药占比(不含中药饮片)总体下降到30%左右。

药品加成曾是在医疗机构快速发展而国家财政投入紧缩等情况下推出的权宜之计,的确也发挥了一定的正向作用。然而,药品加成中所包含的未制衡的利益激励,不断异化为一种“以药养医”的制度,使公立医院的公益性受到严重损害,加剧了医疗资源的浪费。

公立医院综合改革的基本目标是破除公立医院逐利机制,构建起布局合理、分工协作的医疗服务体系和分级诊疗就医格局。为实现这一目标,在取消药品加成的同时,必须配合好医疗服务价格改革,改革现有人事薪酬制度,同时改变现有筹资和支付制度。

“要形成制度化和良性的医疗行业补偿机制,让公立医院能够在无后顾之忧和市场焦虑的情势下做好分内之事。”接受《经济参考报》记者采访的专家建议,取消药品加成后减少的合理收入,主要由调整医疗服务价格进行补偿。此外,未来应做好与财政投入政策的衔接,弥补公立医院的经费缺口,建立符合医疗行业特点的新型补偿机制。

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