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地方去产能迎“半年考” 人员安置债务处理面临压力

2017-06-14 09:52:23   经济参考报

挑战 价格回暖助推复产冲动

“目前钢铁市场形势好转,吨钢利润在五六百元左右,未来一段时间,大家预期也不错,去产能积极性不高,都在想办法保住自己的产能”。河北某民营钢铁企业负责人透露。

这并不是个例。记者调查了解到,随着经济形势特别是资源类产品价格回升,东北一些列入关闭计划或被限产的产能开始改造提升产量,部分已经停产的项目出现了“复产冲动”,少数国企甚至有将工作重心从改革向产能扩张转变的冲动。

一位国有钢企负责人坦言,国企改革是当前“头等大事”,但作为企业,生存、盈利是真正的第一任务。过去一段时间企业亏损严重,因此在市场好转时,抢抓生产补亏是企业各项工作的重中之重。

“煤炭企业也有复产的迹象,不过与钢铁相比,煤矿停产时间较长,井下设备、设施和巷道变化大,复产难度更大。”中国煤炭工业协会相关人士告诉《经济参考报》记者。

河北省钢铁协会秘书长王大勇等认为,经过近年来持续推进去产能,原来闲置的、水平相对较低的产能,该去的已经去了,剩下的多是在产的、水平相对较高的,而且随着钢铁、煤炭等市场价格回升,企业去产能积极性在减弱。此外,一些地方反映,由于钢铁等去产能所涉及行业多为地方支柱产业,企业停产或破产将进一步增大经济下滑、财政收支压力,需统筹好去产能与稳增长的平衡,加快培育新动能。

许多业内人士也警示,尽管近期全国经济形势出现向好趋势,复苏能否持续仍具很大不确定性,国企改革决不能因此而延缓,重新陷入“市场好,改革停”的怪圈中。

压力 人员安置和债务处理难题待解

去产能面临的难题并不止于此,人员安置、债务处理更是进入最较劲阶段。据了解,2017年黑龙江省高校有21.9万名毕业生,比2016年多1.1%,加上往年未就业毕业生沉淀,就业工作压力进一步加大。预计钢铁、煤炭行业去产能分流安置职工将达到3.5万人,一些前期隐性失业职工将逐步流向市场,双方叠加导致就业压力进一步增大。

河北一家钢铁企业自2015年至2017年,累计压减炼钢53万吨,炼铁106万吨。该企业一位负责人告诉《经济参考报》记者,国家压减过剩产能并不是压减企业,企业还要生存发展。目前,企业压减产能涉及金融债务、下一步发展资金和职工分流的压力。

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