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让大树成为随时可用的“充电宝”
2017-09-06 15:06:48 中国青年网
经过升压存储后的植物电电压范围为3.6伏至5伏,这个电压已经足够向大部分传感器设备提供电源。以我们日常使用的普通充电宝为例,给手机充电的输出电压就是5伏。
李伟林说,虽然植物电能从被发现至今已有100余年,但对于其产生机理、影响因素的分析研究始终没有停止。针对这个问题他们做了大量的实验分析,结果发现树种、温湿度、天气、电极材质都会影响到电势差的大小,而且受温度影响,同一树种不同季节测量的电势差变化显著,以美国梧桐为例,冬季电容存储300毫伏电压需要18天,而夏季只需要8天。但无论什么样的环境,只要植物正常生长,保持新陈代谢活动,植物电能会一直存在。
植物供电可降低成本超八成
截至记者发稿,李伟林他们的成果已经申请了两项发明专利和一项实用新型专利。李伟林告诉记者,植物电能供电相比传统供电方式和其他环境能量供电方式具有较大优势。实际应用中对于无线传感器网络等设备的供电大多采用电池供电方式,采用植物电能供电可以避免更换电池的问题。与太阳能、风能等供电方式相比,植物电能供电可降低80%到90%的成本,且受天气影响较弱。
更为现实的应用是在野外对于野生动物的监测上。记者了解到,国家已经决定设立东北虎豹国家公园,以有效保护和恢复东北虎豹野生种群,这个国家公园横跨黑龙江、吉林两省,总面积达1.46万平方公里。在那里,无论是科研监测还是保护,都需要大量的非人工设备。因此,未来植物电能有望为解决红外图像采集仪、无线传输网络等野外监测设备提供一种可靠稳定的供电方式,意义重大。
本报记者 张航 文并图 J067
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