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文化引领下的田园乡村复兴

2017-09-06 08:36:50   中国青年网

江苏的田园乡村建设总体来说走在全国前列,就目前情况看,呈现出一些趋势,政府在乡村建设过程中也拿出了一些新的举措。我们对村镇发展的趋势判断是,乡村经济多元化和农业现代化是乡村健康发展的基础,乡村多元治理是乡村社会走向现代化的必由之路,乡村空间格局重构是乡村建设走向现代化的必然结果,乡村发展绿色化是乡村永续发展的重要保障,美丽乡村建设是留住乡愁、弘扬中华文化的重要手段。

我们建议如下:一是推进村镇规划建设与管理研究。加快制定《乡村建设法》,创新乡村规划,推广乡村规划师制度,发展乡村设计和新乡土建筑,建设村镇管理的信息平台,建立城乡一体的环境保护机制,发展适合乡村的环境整治技术,引导乡村空间格局重构,分类指导村镇建设。二是村镇文化与特色风貌研究管理建议。管理者要树立全面的乡土价值观,继续完善乡村文化发展政策制度,不断建立设计下乡的制度保障体系,加强乡村管理人才的教育培训。三是在具体技术建议方面,要培养有正确价值观的全面综合人才,形成科学的乡村规划原则和办法,建立新乡土建筑的设计方法体系,保护历史遗存,留住乡愁乡情。

我们的倡议是:推进当代田园乡村建设实践行动,以渐进改善、多元参与的方式,营造立足乡土社会、富有地域特色、承载田园乡愁、体现现代文明的当代田园乡村,保护乡村聚落与生态环境相融共生的和谐关系,保护乡村传统肌理与乡土文化特色,保护乡村社会价值体系和集体情感记忆。当代田园乡村建设应遵循的原则是,尊重乡村实际,立足现实改善,传承乡土文化,体现当代追求,激发乡村活力。

在6月召开的“全省特色田园乡村建设试点启动会”上,江苏制定了特色田园乡村的六大建设目标,即生态优、村庄美、产业特、农民富、集体强、乡风好。为此,江苏不断推进田园乡村建设的实践试点,“十三五”期间,省级规划建设和重点培育100个以上的特色田园乡村试点,并提出两个阶段:

一是试点示范阶段(2017-2018年)。形成“3县、5团、10个点”即“351”的格局,首批试点村庄总数40个左右。通过试点,建设一批示范性特色田园乡村,产出一批可借鉴、可复制、可推广、多样化的成果,形成一批典型经验、建设模式和推进机制,造就一批高水平、专业化工作队伍,为全省面上推进特色田园乡村建设奠定良好基础。

二是试点深化和面上推动阶段(2018-2020年)。完善特色田园乡村建设相关标准,组织各地按照标准指引、有序引导、政策聚焦、循环渐进的要求,深入推进试点,开展面上创建,形成一批体现江苏特色、代表江苏水平的特色田园乡村。

目前,按照地方推荐、联合会商、地域统筹、涵盖多种农业产业类型、兼顾探索经济薄弱村脱贫等原则,形成了“5县8团20个点”试点候选地区和村庄名单。省联席办将对试点工作方案、规划设计方案进行综合评价,选择“政策支持聚焦有力、工作方案务实创新、规划设计科学合理、乡土特色突出鲜明”的试点地区和试点村庄纳入首批“351”试点名单。

相信通过我们在江苏的实践探索,能够给全国的田园乡村建设带来更多深入的研究和实践经验。

(作者为中国工程院院士、中国建筑设计院名誉院长)

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