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“二八法则”凸显 中小险企突围受阻

2017-09-04 09:01:51   中国经济网

从单个公司来看,相比于去年同期,“四巨头”之一的平安寿险,原保费收入和规模保费收入进一步从11.68%和9.69%上升至占比12.98%和13.46%。其平安财险市场占比从18.30%升至19.83%。

财险公司的集中程度更为凸显。今年1-7月的原保费收入数据统计显示,保费排名前10的财险公司,合计保费占财险行业保费的84.93%。而人保股份、平安财险、太保财险、国寿财险四家所占市场份额高达69.41%,这就意味着,四家财险“巨头”分得行业份额近7成。与去年同期四家所占市场份额的69.87%相比,略有下降。

“越来越多新的保险公司进入市场,行业集中度下降不明显却反而呈现有所上升的趋势,这表明新成立险企和中小险企的竞争力较弱,‘老三家’国寿、平安、人保的市场地位稳固。”近日,一位寿险公司人士对长江商报记者表示。

有平安财险人士称,虽然新进入市场主体变多,但公司发展增速和市场份额并未受到挑战,反而呈增长之势。“这与过去多年的市场积累有关,新的中小险企要想在市场中分得‘蛋糕’,无疑是越来越难。因为市场已相对成熟,服务网点和服务质量都要能跟上,培育市场并非‘一日之功’。”

中小险企多数亏损盈利难

多位行业人士告诉长江商报记者,市场竞争格局的变化,反映出行业保费结构的调整。

可对比的人身险公司保费规模数据显示,74家可比较的人身险公司,有21家1-7月原保费规模出现下滑,有39家规模保费收入出现下滑,半数以上人身险企出现规模保费下滑趋势。这表明,万能险和投连险等险种保费规模下降明显。

保监会数据显示,今年1-7月,从人身险公司业务看,具有长期稳健风险管理和保障功能的普通寿险业务规模保费占比52.91%,较去年年底上升16.71个百分点;万能险占比17.4%,下降19.45个百分点;分红险占比28.80%,上升5.04个百分点。

长江商报记者梳理目前已经公布的上半年盈亏情况的非上市险企发现,保费规模在后20名的人身险企,有18家今年上半年业绩亏损,保费规模在后30家人身险企有25家出现亏损,亏损主要集中在规模小的险企中。

财险公司亦是如此。在已披露的71家财险公司中,保费前20的公司全部盈利,32家公司亏损全部集中于中小财险公司。

“亏损的中小险企多处于培育市场阶段,前期投入是为后期盈利做准备。如目前互联网险企四家均亏损,且开业以来一直未能扭亏,但保险业务收入快速增长,市场份额也在快速扩大。”保险专家胡宏兵对长江商报记者表示。

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