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“小朋友画廊”刷爆朋友圈 但你真的了解自闭症吗?

2017-08-31 17:45:58   

Some people with ASD have abnormal chromosomes but this can't be the whole story. There are people with the same gene changes who don't have autism.

一些自闭症患者拥有非正常染色体,但我们不能就此一概而论。因为有些拥有同样非正常染色体的人却没有自闭症。

Other possible causes include having older parents, being exposed to high levels of testosterone in the womb, and having complications during pregnancy or birth.

其他可能的病因包括,胎儿出生时父母年事过高,在子宫内接触的睾酮含量过高,或母亲在怀孕生产期间,胎儿出现并发症。

It may even have something to do with gut bacteria, since many autistic people have gastrointestinal issues.

自闭症甚至可能和肠道细菌有关,因为很多自闭症患者都有肠胃问题。

But mostly, it's a combination of many factors.

但自闭症主要还是由多项因素导致的。

不是每一个自闭症患者都是天才!自闭症题材的影视作品不在少数。电影《雨人》中,主角的哥哥就是一个拥有超强记忆力的自闭症患者,《心灵捕手》中沉默寡言的数学天才也患有自闭症……

这些荧幕形象似乎让大众觉得,自闭症患者往往在某些方面具有超人的才华,但事实真的是这样吗?

Some have intellectual disabilities, but above half have average or above average IQs.

一些自闭症患者存在智力问题,但一半以上的患者智商处于平均水平,或高于常人。

It's also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music or arts.

同样常见地,自闭症患者会对一些细节拥有强大的长期记忆,许多患者尤其擅长数学、科学、音乐或艺术。

但是,自闭症人群并不必然在某方面有过人的天赋,很多自闭症患者并没有特殊才能,甚至智商低于常人。这种精神疾病给他们的学业、工作、社交带来了巨大的负面影响,限制了他们参与社会及日常活动的能力。对于一些轻度自闭症患者来说,他们可以在早期干预的帮助下找到独立生活及工作的方法,但更多的自闭症患者则终身需要他人照料。

自闭症的确证率正在逐年提高,但这并不意味着这种病越来越普及。相反,这是因为越来越多的人认识到了自闭症的存在,并尽早得到了确诊。提高对自闭症的意识至关重要,因为患者越早被确诊,就能越早对症治疗。更重要的是,对待自闭症患者,我们要给予他们与普通人同等的尊重、公平与机会。这样才能帮助他们适应社会,健康成长。

(来源:中国日报双语新闻编辑部)

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