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段传新:有一种牙不齐是腺样体肥大惹祸

2017-08-30 05:56:35   中国青年网

段传新提醒说,由于腺样体隐藏在深部,很难看到,所以很容易被忽视,等到发现孩子面容改变后再去医院,往往面容已经很难再恢复了。他提醒说,一旦发现孩子存在长期张口呼吸、鼻塞流涕、说话时鼻塞性鼻音(说话时嘴巴里好像含着东西)、睡觉时打鼾、不明原因的听力下降、反复发作上呼吸道感染如长期流涕、发热、咳嗽等,都要警惕腺样体增生的可能,一定要尽快带孩子去正规医院的耳鼻喉科检查。

尤其是晚上睡觉爱用嘴巴呼吸的孩子。 “目前,12岁以下的孩子,如果用嘴巴呼吸,八成都是腺样体肥大引起的。”段传新说。

腺样体肥大怎么办?

影响呼吸越早手术越好

段传新说,家长最担心的是全麻手术。孩子太小,不忍做手术,还有的家长认为,孩子的腺样体会随着年龄增长逐渐缩小,也不愿意接受手术治疗。目前来看,多数腺样体肥大的患儿同时伴有过敏或是其他呼吸系统疾病,导致鼻窦炎、分泌性中耳炎反复发作,这些问题都需要尽早手术治疗。

他指出,在等待腺样体逐渐萎缩的几年,正是孩子身体发育的重要阶段,即便日后腺样体萎缩,但孩子的面容和生长发育都已经受到了影响,这些影响都是不可逆性的。目前腺样体切除手术为鼻内镜直视下微创手术,用等离子刀手术,术中出血少,住院周期短,3-4天就能出院。

值得家长注意的是,腺样体手术后短期内仍有可能出现打鼾、鼻腔分泌物多、口腔异味、鼻音重等现象,这是手术后伤口出现水肿及炎症反应所致,伤口的愈合需要一段时间,症状的改善也是一个逐步的过程,没必要过于着急。

有些孩子术后仍存在张口呼吸的情况,段传新说,用嘴呼吸的习惯不摈弃,依旧有变丑的可能。可以让孩子多吹口哨、多吹泡泡糖等方式,训练孩子鼻口呼吸。

专家介绍

段传新,湖北省妇幼保健院耳鼻咽喉—头颈外科科主任、主任医师。卫计委湖北省新生儿听力指导小组专家组成员。

从事小儿耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科22年,熟练掌握小儿耳鼻喉头颈外科常见病、多发病的诊治及相关手术,擅长各种婴幼儿听力疾病的诊断、助听器验配。

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