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中国造船业何以惊叹世界:新接订单稳居第一

2017-08-29 12:00:26   

韩国《中央日报》网站近日报道称,此次订单大战围绕历史上最大规模的集装箱船订单展开,因此备受瞩目。该订单包括9艘2.2万TEU级的超大型集装箱船,总订单额达到96亿元人民币左右。在此之前,世界上最大规模的集装箱船订单是三星重工业公司今年5月建造的2.1413万TEU级集装箱船。而且,韩国现代重工业公司、三星重工业公司和大宇造船海洋公司等韩国三大造船公司集体参与了这场订单竞争,韩国业界也曾一度预测现代重工业公司有望拿下订单,但结果却打破了人们的预期,中国造船公司完胜韩国。

值得一提的是,在这一大单前,另一笔价值约52亿元人民币的订单也成功“落户”中企。6月29日,沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司与日本商船三井公司签订了4艘17.4万立方米大型液化天然气(LNG)运输船的建造合同。

上半年,中国骨干船舶企业批量承接8.4万立方米超大型气体运输船(VLGC)、11.5万吨成品油船、1.75万吨化学品船、1.55万吨货物滚装船、1.3万吨甲板运输船和极地探险邮轮等一批高技术、高附加值船舶订单。上半年,中国新接船舶订单463万修正总吨,同比增长11.3%,位居全球第一,新船修载比(修正总吨/载重吨)达到0.4,再创历史新高。

总体来看,随着中国造船业的快速崛起,从衡量造船业整体发展的造船完工量、新接订单量、手持订单量这3大世界造船指标来看,中国造船业已多年保持世界领先地位。其中,根据英国克拉克松研究公司数据,近5年来,中国造船业新接订单量、手持订单量均稳居世界第一,造船完工量有4年位居世界第一、1年居第二。今年上半年,中国造船业3大指标再次站稳世界第一的位置。

“当前,全球造船业整体表现依旧低迷,市场需求仍不高。在这样的情况下,中国造船业能取得这样的成绩,十分可贵。而就市场竞争来看,目前基本是中日韩三分全球造船业天下的格局,而中国企业能成功击败韩国企业拿下大单、并从日本企业手中接过订单,这背后体现的是中国造船业的竞争力。”中国社会科学院工业经济研究所副研究员胡文龙在接受本报记者采访时说。

逐步迈向高附加值

长期以来,谈到中国造船业,不少人总会将其与低附加值联系起来,但如今人们或许该改变改变这一看法了。以这次史上最大规模的集装箱船订单为例,《中央日报》网站报道就表示,特别值得注意的是,这些船只要求同时具备传统廉价丙级锅炉油和环保燃料液化天然气驱动系统,属于双燃料系统的高附加价值船只而非廉价船舶。因此,在这个订单上落选,更令韩国感到五味杂陈。

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