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摆脱马六甲困局?外媒传泰国欲求助中国修建克拉运河

2017-08-26 11:23:11   参考消息

原标题:摆脱马六甲困局?外媒传泰国欲求助中国修建克拉运河

参考消息网8月26日报道澳大利亚洛伊解读者网站8月14日报道称,最近有报道称泰国计划借助中国投资,在太平洋和印度洋之间修建一条新的运河。假设(这是一个重大的假设)项目顺利进展,它必将制造一些重大的赢家和输家。

这个项目是在泰国湾和安达曼海之间开挖一条穿越泰国地峡、长达135公里的运河,从而缩短印度洋与太平洋之间大约1200公里(或是2至3天)的行程,耗资280亿美元。它相当于亚洲的苏伊士运河或巴拿马运河,但是修建难度会更大。

泰国克拉运河示意图

项目建议已提出很久。19世纪,英国人和法国人就考虑过。他们认为修建起来非常困难,但是英国人仍然获得了泰国国王的承诺:绝不允许其他任何人修建。20世纪30年代,曾有担心认为日本人计划修建此运河,以便日本舰队绕过英国在新加坡的基地。1940年英国拍摄了著名的新闻短片,详解了有关问题的方方面面。

本世纪初以来,一直在考虑修建运河的新计划,但是无人能够解决项目的资金支持。也许,这一次有了中国的资金支持,项目将得以实施。

一些安全问题分析家担心运河建成后,中国的油轮就可以避开狭窄拥挤且易受攻击的马六甲海峡,甚至为中国海军提供一条进入印度洋的新航道,从而解决中国众所周知的“马六甲困局”。中国海军将来在印度洋无疑会更加活跃,8月初中国启用它在吉布提的第一个海外海军基地也有力地证明了这一点。

但是,克拉运河可能产生的影响与其说事关战舰,不如说事关海运集装箱。

修建运河如同修建一条新的高速公路穿过一座城镇——导致当地服务站和小餐厅荒废停业,同时为其他地方创造兴建新的服务中心的机会。克拉运河开凿之后,船只可以绕开新加坡,在印度洋和太平洋之间穿行,有可能损害新加坡对航运业的控制,并有助于为中国及其朋友打开这个领域的大门。

自新加坡成为印度洋-太平洋地区鸦片贸易的中间站以来,它依靠地理位置繁荣发展,一跃而成为全球最大的航运中转枢纽以及海运及其所有相关服务的供应商,从银行到律师事务所,无所不包。现在,它的地位受到了中国出资兴建横跨南亚的港口项目的威胁。

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