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中国造船业站稳世界第一 韩国感到“切肤之痛”

2017-08-29 11:11:00   中国网

世界最大水泥运输船圆满交船、亚洲最大改建半潜船顺利交付、全球最大集装箱船将在上海建造、世界最大LNG动力汽车运输船建造与设计合同生效……近期,一系列世界之最、亚洲之最船舶的建成或订单的落地让中国造船业再次成为全球焦点。

新接订单稳居第一

“韩国造船业期待已久的超大型集装箱船订单落入了中国手中,韩国造船行业普遍感到了‘切肤之痛’。”对于近日法国达飞轮船分别与沪东中华集团、上海外高桥造船公司签署超大型集装箱船建造意向书,韩媒如是评价。

韩国《中央日报》网站近日报道称,此次订单大战围绕历史上最大规模的集装箱船订单展开,因此备受瞩目。该订单包括9艘2.2万TEU级的超大型集装箱船,总订单额达到96亿元人民币左右。在此之前,世界上最大规模的集装箱船订单是三星重工业公司今年5月建造的2.1413万TEU级集装箱船。而且,韩国现代重工业公司、三星重工业公司和大宇造船海洋公司等韩国三大造船公司集体参与了这场订单竞争,韩国业界也曾一度预测现代重工业公司有望拿下订单,但结果却打破了人们的预期,中国造船公司完胜韩国。

值得一提的是,在这一大单前,另一笔价值约52亿元人民币的订单也成功“落户”中企。6月29日,沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司与日本商船三井公司签订了4艘17.4万立方米大型液化天然气(LNG)运输船的建造合同。

上半年,中国骨干船舶企业批量承接8.4万立方米超大型气体运输船(VLGC)、11.5万吨成品油船、1.75万吨化学品船、1.55万吨货物滚装船、1.3万吨甲板运输船和极地探险邮轮等一批高技术、高附加值船舶订单。上半年,中国新接船舶订单463万修正总吨,同比增长11.3%,位居全球第一,新船修载比(修正总吨/载重吨)达到0.4,再创历史新高。

总体来看,随着中国造船业的快速崛起,从衡量造船业整体发展的造船完工量、新接订单量、手持订单量这3大世界造船指标来看,中国造船业已多年保持世界领先地位。其中,根据英国克拉克松研究公司数据,近5年来,中国造船业新接订单量、手持订单量均稳居世界第一,造船完工量有4年位居世界第一、1年居第二。今年上半年,中国造船业3大指标再次站稳世界第一的位置。

“当前,全球造船业整体表现依旧低迷,市场需求仍不高。在这样的情况下,中国造船业能取得这样的成绩,十分可贵。而就市场竞争来看,目前基本是中日韩三分全球造船业天下的格局,而中国企业能成功击败韩国企业拿下大单、并从日本企业手中接过订单,这背后体现的是中国造船业的竞争力。”中国社会科学院工业经济研究所副研究员胡文龙在接受本报记者采访时说。

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