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“无现金社会”离我们还有多远?

2017-08-23 06:22:12   中国青年网

值得注意的是,《中华人民共和国人民币管理条例》中明确规定:“中华人民共和国的法定货币是人民币。以人民币支付中华人民共和国境内的一切公共的和私人的债务,任何单位和个人不得拒收。”可以说,“拒收人民币现金”的行为部分干扰了人民币流通,要对这种不合适的做法进行纠正和引导。

有专家认为,在人类历史上,人们结算支付手段已有两次革命:从物物交换到使用金属货币,从金属货币到全面纸币。使货币由纸币向数字化转化,是基于网络科技信息的发达及人们支付习惯的变化而提出的新型结算支付概念,适合商品经济发展的历史产物,是人类结算支付手段的“第三次革命”。

然而,把“无现金社会”理解为现金彻底消失,是不正确的。中国财政科学研究院学者盘和林表示,无现金社会并不是指整个社会完全没有现金,而是指一种以电子支付为主的经济模式,全社会现金使用率极低,人们可以无障碍地使用电子支付方式进行消费。支付的核心就是便捷与安全。

【安全便民才是关键】

虽然“无现金支付”在中国成长迅速,但“无现金社会”究竟离我们有多远却见仁见智。在中国政法大学传播法研究中心副主任朱巍看来,中国离“无现金社会”已经不远,相关立法研究也将成为今后一个时期的重大课题。福耀玻璃集团掌门人曹德旺则认为,“无现金社会”肯定是一个大趋势,但如何实现、什么时候实现,相信还要一段时间。

据民政部最新数据显示,中国60岁以上的老龄人口超过2.3亿,占总人口的16.7%。换言之,“无现金社会”能多快到来还要很大程度上取决于老年人群体的消费使用习惯。与此同时,无现金支付技术还存在一些漏洞,比如,各种新型网络诈骗就证明存在着账户信息外泄的风险;再比如,依靠电子设备进行的无现金支付也受到电子设备信号、电源限制,不像现金随时随地都可以用。因此,商家还应该设置必要的现金支付手段。

北京大学金融与产业发展研究中心秘书长黄嵩认为,支付的核心就是便捷与安全。商家拒收现金当然是违法的,无现金宣传并不是要人们拒收现金。“无现金并不表示一点都不用现金了,而是说以现金为基础的支付概念本身会消亡,就像今天我们可以说已经进入无存折社会,而事实上存折并没有完全消失。”黄嵩说。

因此,只有从安全性、便捷性、消费者可选择性等方面加以完善,“无现金社会”才有可能真正融入到更多人的生活。

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