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人民币汇率重新弹起来 811汇改以来稳汇率政策或松动

2017-09-13 07:36:41   中国经济网

调控政策出现变化

“种种迹象表明,近期央行的态度已出现微妙变化,转向‘抑升值’。”业内人士表示,结合上述外汇管理政策开始松动,以及“逆周期因子”开始过滤非理性升值预期,或表明“8.11”汇改以来的维稳汇率的调控政策出现松动。

近两周时间,人民币升值旋风再度席卷了外汇市场。8月28日至9月8日,境内人民币兑美元汇率“十日八涨”,轻松地突破6.6、6.5关口,盘中触及6.4350,创下2015年12月10日以来的新高,其累计升值幅度高达2028基点,区间涨幅高达3.04%;人民币对一篮子货币也延续升值态势,9月8日CFETS人民币汇率指数报95.16,连涨三周,创1月6日以来新高。

“总体来看,最近两周人民币涨幅有点大,期间美元指数贬值1.32%,而人民币兑美元即期汇率涨幅超过3%,是美元指数跌幅的两倍多。”市场人士认为,从人民币兑美元和一篮子货币的双升值来看,美元走弱已不足以解释近期人民币的强势,更多可能是来自预期的持续改善乃至逆转,尤其市场加快结汇和套息交易进一步加剧了短期的上涨,在“羊群效应”驱动下可能存在“超调”成分。

兴业研究指出,央行放开购汇准备金,可能表明有意放缓人民币连续升值的步伐,防止人民币升值预期形成“羊群效应”。一方面,近期人民币大幅升值显著拖累出口——以美元计价,8月季调后我国出口同比下滑4.7个百分点到4%;另一方面,人民币持续大幅升值可能会使人民币升值预期自我强化,形成“羊群效应”,不利于人民币汇率双向波动。除放开购汇准备金外,近两日实际中间价均往贬值的方向偏离模型拟合中间价,或意味着“逆周期因子”开始“逆”人民币升值预期,以防止人民币升值方向市场超调。

双边波动是主基调

分析人士认为,在央行希望人民币汇率双边波动的政策背景下,人民币汇率不会出现持续的单边升值或单边贬值。目前来看,人民币兑美元汇率经过超调后,短期回落的可能性较大,未来走势在很大程度上则仍将取决于美元指数,后续大概率呈现双边波动的格局。

天风证券认为,一些短期因素会使得人民币的继续升值放缓。一是如果8月外占超预期反弹,企业结汇上升,本已不宽裕的银行间流动性会变得更加紧张,最近央行把购汇风险准备金从20%到0%,也是不希望升值过快;二是市场或许低估了美元的潜在支撑,美元跌势短期会有所缓和,随着美元指数稳定在90-92之间,欧元兑美元的汇率在1.2上下稳定,人民币兑美元也会逐渐回升到6.5以上。

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