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上市银行同业资产和负债规模收缩 新增房贷占比下降

2017-09-04 07:05:58   中国经济网

“工行将继续规范发展资产管理、同业、票据等业务,确保同业资产和负债比重控制在10%以内,理财杠杆比例不超过1.4倍,坚决杜绝监管套利、资金空转和脱实向虚。”易会满近期表示。

理财产品稳中趋降

除了同业业务,银行业理财业务也出现了增长趋缓的态势。在过去相当长一段时间里,银行业理财业务过快增长。由于部分产品结构复杂,资金投向不明,甚至银行自身都无法看清该产品的底层基础资产,存在风险隐患。

经过此前的金融乱象整治工作,商业银行理财产品规模、增速均有所下降。截至今年6月末,银行业金融机构理财产品余额较整治前累计减少1.9万亿元,理财产品同比增速较去年同期大幅度下降35个百分点。

同业理财较今年年初减少了2万亿元,降幅最为明显。“大资产快速扩张往往伴随着风险的集聚,为了有效防范金融风险,监管机构加强了对银行理财的指导和行业统一监管,这对行业健康规范发展有利。”中国银行副行长任德奇说。

不可否认的是,在金融脱媒的趋势下,发展资产管理业务仍是商业银行经营转型的重要抓手之一。那么,接下来该业务应如何在审慎中稳健前行?

任德奇表示,中行已把理财业务纳入全面风险管理体制。“截至今年6月末,中行境内自营理财产品余额为1.44万亿元,其中非保本理财1.1万亿元,与去年同期相比基本保持稳定。”

招行副行长王良表示,上半年招商银行的理财业务资金余额为2.13万亿元,居于同业第二,但是增长速度明显放缓,比今年年初相比下降了10.5%。他表示,招行重点从5方面强化了理财业务管理。一是控制增速,通过优化大类资产配置来管控风险;二是按照理财业务“受人之托、代客理财”的原则,回归业务本源,按照资产性质实施穿透管理,加强底层资产的风险防控;三是严格隔离,防止表外理财业务风险向表内资产业务传递;四是对于产品组合、单一客户授信的风险敞口实行集中管理;五是大力发展净值型产品,逐渐打破刚性兑付。

据了解,截至今年6月末,招行净值型理财产品的占比已达到75%。

新增房贷占比下降

值得注意的是,信贷资金的投向也出现了显著变化,新增房地产贷款占比下降。监管数据显示,今年上半年,银行业新增的个人住房按揭贷款占新增各项贷款的比重为25.1%,较去年全年降低了10.9个百分点,比去年下半年的高峰期降低了19.9个百分点。

“中行上半年个人住房贷款的增幅是9.28%,同比下降7.7个百分点。”该行副行长任德奇说,从业务结构调整上看,在今年上半年新发放的个人住房贷款中,首套房贷款占比90%,优先满足“刚需”;同时,坚持“一线城市控、二线城市稳、三四线城市适度支持”的原则。“例如,针对一二线的16个热点城市,其个人住房贷款增幅低于9.28%的全行个人住房贷款增幅。”

“在工行今年上半年新增的个人住房贷款中,一二线城市和三四线城市的比例约为1∶1,但热点城市的比重逐渐下降。”工行行长谷澍说,以一二线16个热点城市为例,今年上半年,其新发放个人住房贷款在全行新发放个人住房贷款中的占比较去年年底下降13个百分点。

谷澍表示,工行下半年将继续加大对重点领域和薄弱环节的融资支持,如雄安新区、新型城镇化、“中国制造2025”“一带一路”以及小微企业、普惠金融、绿色金融等。他表示,工行将继续坚持有保有压、有扶有控的差别化融资政策,有效支持“三去一降一补”,服务供给侧结构性改革。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 郭子源)

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