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诚信缺失成保险合同纠纷多发重要原因

2017-08-24 09:52:07   中国青年网

合同条款晦涩难懂产生歧义 未规范履行义务成败诉主因

据乌铁中院副院长康建强介绍,在乌铁两级法院审理的案件中,部分保险公司之所以败诉,均是因为保险公司没有按照保险法的规定履行向投保人送达保险条款的义务,或者对免除保险人责任的条款,没有向投保人履行提示或明确说明义务,进而导致免责条款不产生效力,使保险公司本应当免责的保险事故因没有履行上述义务而承担赔偿责任。

康建强建议,保险公司应当规范履行保险法规定的法定义务,避免其因不履行法定义务而导致的不利结果。首先,应当规范向投保人送达保险条款的方式。他说,在人身保险合同中涉及人寿、健康类的保险产品,因为这类保险费用较高,缴费期长,保险公司该项义务的履行相对较为规范,通常会在向投保人送达保险条款时,要求其进行书面的签收。然而有的保险产品,特别是机动车保险以及消费型的意外、健康、医疗类保险,保险公司往往会忽略向投保人送达保险条款这一重要义务的履行,或者即使履行了送达条款的义务,但没有留下书面的送达凭证。此种情况下,一旦发生纠纷,保险公司如果以免责条款抗辩,很难得到法院的支持。

乌铁两级法院在审理案件中发现,在保险合同订立过程中,保险代理人代投保人签章及代填保险单证的行为并不少见。对此,乌铁中院民事审判庭庭长李晓艳认为,保险公司应当避免保险代理人代投保人签章的行为。

保险公司对免除保险人责任的条款的消极解释说明,也是导致此类案件高发的主要原因之一。该白皮书建议,保险公司应正确履行对免除保险人责任条款的提示和说明义务,在销售保险产品的过程中能够加大主动履行明确说明义务的力度。同时作为投保人也应当积极行使自己的权利,认真阅读保险条款,做一个明明白白的消费者。

“从我们审理的一些案件来看,现行的保险合同条款对于非保险专业人员来讲不易看懂,在对保险合同的理解上,投保人、被保险人以及受益人均有一定困难或理解存在歧义。”针对保险合同条款存在语言晦涩难懂,专业术语较多,内容复杂,合同附件多的问题,李晓艳说,建议保险公司规范格式条款,特别是对免除保险人责任的条款的约定必须明确、清晰,减少理解上的歧义。

个别代理人存欺骗隐瞒行为 保险代理亟待加强监管规范

乌铁两级法院在审理案件时发现,个别保险代理人代理保险业务时,存在欺骗和隐瞒投保人、保险人的行为。就此,白皮书建议,保险公司应当规范保险代理行为,加强对保险代理人的培训以及对保险代理人的监管力度。

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