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青山为证——长江上游天然林保护发展纪实

2017-08-30 11:16:48   新华网

春华秋实。据初步统计,自党的十八大以来,贵州天保区森林覆盖率每年提高2个百分点,2016年底全省森林覆盖率达到52%;湖北天保区林地面积从8826万亩增加到9344万亩,森林覆盖率提高到56.57%,4年,增加了5.25个百分点;四川森林覆盖率达到36.8%,到2020年将进一步提升到40%。

据中国长江三峡集团公司对库区泥沙淤积数据分析,三峡库区的泥沙量正以每年1%的速度递减,长江浑水期由天保工程实施前的300天下降到现在的150天。中国水利水电出版社出版的《中国河流泥沙公报》称,长江上游重要支流岷江泥沙平均含量从过去的0.508千克/立方米,到2015年下降至0.068千克/立方米。重庆主要河流的泥沙含量也从实施前的6.4千克/立方米下降到目前的1千克/立方米。

 最有力的保障,林区群众保护意识普遍增强

天然林保护工程取得巨大成就的背后,是中央及地方政府在政策、资金等方面的有力保障,使林区企业、职工和林区农民保护意识不断增强。

到2016年底,四川天保资金累计投入384亿元,云南170多亿元,贵州80亿元,重庆近60亿元,湖北超过40亿元。西藏虽只涉及3个县,但累计投资也达到11.8亿元。

四川夹金山林业局局长陈守廷介绍,国家每年拨给他们的天保资金1980万元,占到全局人工开支的80%。阿坝州小金林业局局长钟奇志说,自2011年11月小金林业局棚改住房与商业用房并轨建设启动以来,该局已有378户林业职工和涉林人员喜迁新居,户均住宅面积80平方米。据四川省林业厅统计,全省已累计实施国有林区棚户区和国有林场危旧房改造34261户,累计投资超过24亿元,其中国家和省里投资9.47亿元。

云南也曾是全国森工“大户”。云南省林业厅天保办的马明介绍,云南的办法是,重点森工企业属地化管理,人财物移交地方政府,经费由天保工程款解决,社保由地方管理省级统筹,企业办社会的职能得以剥离,轻装上阵。

2012年以来,贵州每年为全省约6000名林业企业、国有林场及自然保护区职工缴纳五项社会保险,占林业单位应缴纳人数的95%左右,解除了职工的后顾之忧。

集体公益林生态效益补偿是天保工程二期的重要建设内容。湖北宜昌夷陵区姜家庙村拥有各类公益林29897亩,每年兑付补偿资金34.87万元,其中22.98万元直接兑付给林农,户均454元。村支书屈克柱告诉记者,这在一定程度上改善了天保区的民生状况。

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