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机器人发展冷思考:真能抢你饭碗?引发伦理观重塑?

2017-08-28 04:25:44   中国青年网

这样的担心或并非没有道理。据国外媒体7月底报道,Facebook已经关闭了两个人工智能,因为“它们似乎在以一种只有他们自己理解的奇怪语言互相聊天”。

据报道,上述离奇的讨论来自尝试让两个人工智能谈判,尝试交换帽子,球和书籍,很快,疑似属于他们自己的聊天内容出现了,可怕的是,事实上用这种奇怪的语言进行的一些谈判最终成功地结束了他们的谈判。

资料图:一款和鳐鱼外形相像的水中机器人。中新网吴涛 摄

趋势:特种机器人、协作机器人或走俏

说了这么多,那目前全球机器人产业发展到一个什么水平呢?未来发展趋势又如何?先来看一组数据,上述报告指出,2107年全球机器人市场预计达到232亿美元,2012至2017年平均增长率接近17%。其中工业机器人147亿美元、服务机器人29亿美元、特种机器人56亿美元。

不难发现工业机器人仍是目前机器人产业中的基石,但出现的一些新情况也值得思考。比如, Jeff Burnstein认为,协作机器人是未来一个趋势,因为目前对工业机器人最大的质疑是因为它们特别复杂、成本很高,需要太多的工程师。

“很多的公司,尤其是中小公司不愿意用工业机器人,但他们对协作机器人非常感兴趣,因为其成本更低,无需防护,也无需投资于更多的场地。” Jeff Burnstein说。

另外,特种机器不断催生出新兴市场已经引起各国的高度重视,相关研发力度和投入不断加大。美国提出“机器人发展路线图”,计划将特种机器人列为未来15年重点发展方向;欧盟也计划到2020年投入28亿欧元,开发包括特种机器人在内的产品,并推向市场。

作为特种机器人的一种,中新网记者在2017世界机器人博览会上也发现,同2016年机器人博览会相比,今年有更多的仿生机器人出现,比如仿生水母、仿生蜻蜓等。而且仿生类机器人用的技术更加复杂,跨学科联系性较紧密。

在上述博览会上,设计生产一款和鳐鱼外形相像的水下机器人的企业工作人员对中新网表示,该机器人最深可潜入水下30米,信号如何传输成为难点。尽管蓝牙不能用、WiFi也不行,最终他们攻克相关难题,用新材料技术解决了。

ReziaMolfino说,在机器人的发展中,设计必须要有创造性,跨学科的设计功不可没,如果必要的话可以从生物当中获取灵感。

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