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“两弹一星”元勋程开甲院士迎来百岁生日

2017-08-26 20:45:46   中国青年网

从苏黎世回到爱丁堡后的第二天,程开甲向玻恩详细汇报了参加会议的情况。

1947 年,程开甲(左三)与国际学术会议代表进行交流。

当程开甲介绍到在会上与海森伯“同室操戈”,泡利裁判“无能为力”时,玻恩显得格外兴奋。他不断插话,详细询问争论的细节,有时还对双方的观点作点评,有时则发出朗朗的笑声,为程开甲与海森伯精彩的争论叫好。

看得出来,玻恩为自己拥有这样优秀的学生自豪。

就在这次谈话中,玻恩向程开甲讲述了爱因斯坦“离经叛道”的科学经历,以及爱因斯坦取得科学研究成功的个性特征。

从玻恩的办公室出来后,程开甲感到自己在学术研究上经历了一场从未有过的洗礼——一场精神的洗礼。

多年后,程开甲回忆说:“这次会议连同这次谈话,对我影响很大。我理解,不迷信权威,敢于‘离经叛道’、追求真理的精神,比物理成就和理论成就对人类的意义大得多。成就是有限的,而精神是永恒的。”

1948 年,程开甲获得爱丁堡大学博士学位。毕业后,玻恩推荐他担任英国皇家化学工业研究所研究员,年薪 750 英镑,这待遇在当时已经很高。

科学无国界,但科学家是有祖国的。

1950 年,沐浴着新中国旭日东升的光芒和对海外学子的强烈呼唤,程开甲谢绝了玻恩的挽留,回到了阔别已久的祖国。

程开甲回国前的一天晚上,玻恩和他彻夜长谈,知道他决心已定,就叮嘱他:中国现在生活很苦,买些吃的带回去。程开甲非常感激导师的关心,但在他的行李中,什么吃的都没有,全是他购买的建设新中国急需的固体物理、金属物理方面的书籍和资料。

回国后,程开甲先后在浙江大学和南京大学任教。为适应国家大搞经济建设的需要,程开甲主动把自己的研究重心由理论转向理论与应用相结合。

1950 至 1960 年间,他先后发表了《内耗热力学研究》等10 余篇论文,开创了国内对于热力学内耗的系统研究。他提出的普适线型内耗理论,对热力学内耗研究具有普遍的指导意义。同时,他还出版了我国第一部固体物理学教科书。

1956 年 3 月,程开甲作为国内固体物理和金属物理方面的专家,参与了国家《1956—1967 年科学技术发展远景规划》的制定工作。1958 年至 1960 年,根据组织安排,程开甲与施士元教授一起创建了南京大学核物理专业,同时参与筹建江苏省原子能研究所,由此开启了实现科学报国之志的新征程。

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