新闻 > 国内
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China

“两弹一星”元勋程开甲院士迎来百岁生日

2017-08-26 20:45:46   中国青年网

1944 年 10 月,英国著名学者李约瑟访问浙江大学,带来了程开甲学术生涯的重要转折。

当时,程开甲完成了论文《弱相互作用需要 205 个质子质量的介子》,提出存在一种新介子,并计算出新介子的质量为 205 个质子的质量。王淦昌将这篇论文推荐给李约瑟。李约瑟看了很高兴,还亲自对文稿修改润色,之后转交给狄拉克教授。

狄拉克阅读后,给程开甲写了回信。但遗憾的是,狄拉克对基本粒子的看法有些偏执。在信中,他武断地认为:“目前基本粒子已太多,不再需要更多的新粒子,更不需要重介子”,使文章未能发表。

因为相信狄拉克的权威,而且此前,狄拉克已将程开甲撰写的论文《对自由粒子的狄拉克方程推导》推荐给《剑桥哲学杂志》发表,程开甲就放弃了对这个问题的进一步研究。后来,这方面的实验成果于 1979 年获得诺贝尔物理学奖,实验测得的粒子质量与程开甲当年的计算值基本一致。这件事,让程开甲遗憾终生。

文章没发表,成为憾事,但与李约瑟的交往,开启了程开甲与国际物理学巨匠面对面对话的大门。

1946 年,经李约瑟推荐,程开甲获得英国文化委员会奖学金,幸运地来到爱丁堡大学,成为被称为“物理学家中的物理学家”的 M. 玻恩的中国学生。

玻恩一生中共带过 4 个中国学生,他们是:彭桓武、杨立铭、程开甲和黄昆。后来,他们都成为中国科学院院士。其中,程开甲、彭桓武被授予“两弹一星功勋奖章”,程开甲、黄昆成为国家最高科学技术奖得主。

赴英国之初,程开甲原本想继续从事基本粒子研究,但一个偶然的机会,使他选择超导理论研究作为主攻方向。

那是 1946 年年底,他聆听了一场关于超导实验的报告,对超导问题产生浓厚兴趣。他把超导元素和不超导元素进行归类,在动量空间勾画出它们各自的分布图,并发现了它们的分布规律。玻恩看到程开甲画的图,觉得很有道理,鼓励他继续研究下去。从此,程开甲对超导问题的研究一发不可收拾。短短几年间,他先后在英国的《自然》杂志、法国的《物理与镭》杂志和《苏联科学院报告》上,发表了 5 篇有分量的论文,并于 1948 年与玻恩共同提出超导“双带模型”。

1948 年,物理学界在瑞士的苏黎世大学召开低温超导国际学术会议,程开甲和玻恩合写了一篇题为《论超导电性》的论文提交大会。会议召开时,玻恩因故不能前往,程开甲作为他的代表宣读论文。很巧,玻恩的学生、程开甲的师兄海森伯也参加了会议。由于观点针锋相对,程开甲与海森伯在会上争论起来。大会主席、著名物理学家泡利觉得非常有趣,主动提出:“你们争论,我当裁判。”但吵了很久,公说公有理,婆说理更长。泡利实在难以裁决,就说:“你们师兄弟吵架,为什么玻恩不来 ? 这裁判,我也不当了。”

上一页3/9下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20170826/31196601_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/02/22 00:09:08

Powered by China
China