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美媒称中国偷师美作战手册 欲复制美海军陆战队

2016-01-31 10:46:12   环球网

[环球军事报道]美国国家利益杂志1月29日发表由日本战略研究论坛的资深研究员格兰特·纽舍姆和新加坡南洋理工大学拉惹勒南国际研究院分析员KohSweeLeanCollin的文章称,为了建立一支更加具有开拓能力的解放军海军陆战队,中国逐渐开始学习和效仿美军海军陆战队,包括其在任何地方能够作战的作战信条。作为学习和效仿美国海军陆战队的一部分,解放军海军陆战队也在逐渐增强其机动性和火力。目前中国已经开始量产ZBD-05和ZBD-2000两栖步兵战车,其表面目的是取代所有解放军海军陆战队诸如63/63A型水陆两栖轻型坦克等老式装甲车,但这类装备可提升中国战略海运能力逐步加强,并进支撑解放军海军陆战队走出东亚开展远征行动。

最近有很多有关中国人民解放军进行结构改革的报道,其最终目标是打造一支更加精简和强有力的军事力量,能够在现代和高科技环境下执行各种任务。一部分走向新时代解放军的驱动力就是致力于实现解放军海军陆战队的现代化,目前他们正在新疆戈壁滩进行最新的冬训。

据中国消息报道称,由中国媒体公布的官方照片可以看出,作为一支联合兵种,此次实弹射击演习参演部队包括来自解放军海军陆战队(PLAMC)的十支部队,演习部队配备有全国最先进的武器装备。此次演习旨在加强解放军海军陆战队(PLAMC)在真是作战环境下的昼夜作战能力。除了对“蓝军”进行常规作战对抗之外,此次演习还包括了反恐演习。

可以肯定的是,这些解放军海军陆战队(PLAMC)的冬训只是其不同气候环境下进行的各种训练演习之一。例如丛林演习,2015年的演习在西南省份云南省上演。内容丰富的解放军海军陆战队(PLAMC)培训大纲被认为是其功能和任务的自然延伸,尤其是考虑到其传统任务就是针对台湾开展行动。

但是,还有着更多的训练科目。近几年来,解放军海军陆战队(PLAMC)并不仅仅局限于做好跨越台湾海峡进行两栖作战的准备或者在东海、南海争议地区开展行动,而是逐渐壮大,成为中国政治领导层应对中国在东亚地区甚至其他地区突发事件的灵活工具。

师自美国海军陆战队作战手册?

但是人们可能疑惑:为什么是解放军海军陆战队而不是特种作战部队呢?可以确认的是,解放军拥有特种作战部队,可以执行各种困难的、紧急的和快速响应的任务。然而,像美军一样,谁也不能拥有足够多的这种小型精干部队。例如,考虑到这种情况,美军就有着海军陆战队、八十二空降兵、三角洲部队和海豹突击队等等,所有这些部队都可以快速部署应对全球突发事件。但是他们的能力各有侧重。就类似于一个管道工的工具包,其中包含的不仅仅是几个管钳,这样手头上就有多种工具,能够根据不同的情况所需使用什么工具。特别是,两栖作战部队能够为中国领导层一个潜在的选择——无论是在中国附近还是远离中国的地方,实施登陆作战,并在海岸边开展行动。

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