《神奇动物2》:魔法世界的巴黎和真实世界的苦难

2018-12-21 18:02:07    澎湃新闻

怪胎秀中也混杂着“霍屯都维纳斯”这样的笼子里的展品(一个南非土著的黑人女子,身材矮小,被带到欧洲,在马戏团和怪胎秀中被四处展览,美其名曰“霍屯都维纳斯”),种族歧视和对畸形的好奇心是一体两面。参观者鉴赏的是“自然的造物”,或者说,他们以科学的好奇心排除了非我族类的人类身份,在社会达尔文主义支持的等级制度基础上来观察人间的苦难。《格林德沃之罪》中的一个人物,即《哈利·波特》里伏地魔的那条名为纳吉尼的蛇,同时也是他的魂器之一,就是一个在荷兰殖民地印度尼西亚的丛林中发现的有着所谓“血咒”的女巫,在某种意义上,她就是魔法世界的“霍屯都维纳斯”。她在怪胎秀中的表演方式,包括马戏团老板对她身份的夸张渲染和非人化处理,和麻瓜社会中如出一辙。和“霍屯都维纳斯”一样,她有着外形的“不正常”、殖民地土著身份和女性的三重压迫身份。

我们自然不会强求罗琳真实而全面地表现这段历史,抵抗这种至今仍存在的意识形态并不是一部好莱坞大片的现实目标。但挖掘《神奇动物在哪里》中同时存在于魔法世界和麻瓜社会的殖民、压迫和其他社会不公,能让我们看见当今世界主流媒体中话语的界限。《格林德沃之罪》最高潮的大战发生在拉雪兹神父公墓,《人间喜剧》的作者巴尔扎克安葬在这里,《自由领导人民》中的德拉克洛瓦长眠在这里,远乡的异客如肖邦和王尔德也葬于此处,这里也是1871年巴黎公社最后一百多名社员就义的地点。这里有各种各样被压迫的受苦的人,也有压迫者和压迫制度的维护者。格林德沃的蓝色邪火也许没有波及这些人的坟茔,电影对现实历史的指涉也许只能浅尝辄止地停留对纳粹的谴责上,但作为观众的我们需要知道:故事背后,有着远为复杂沉重的历史。

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