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中国模仿照搬西方制度,能结束百年的黑暗历史吗?

2017-08-23 13:35:08   瞭望智库

在经济全球化的背景下,国家竞争的本质是国家治理能力的竞争,而国家治理能力的竞争实质上是国家制度竞争。

文|袁元

本文转载自微信公众号“瞭望”(ID:OutlookWeekly1981),本文刊于《瞭望》2017年第34期,原题《从国家治理能力看中国制度优势》

中国国家治理的历史来源、基本制度、机构和治理模式、主要机制和基本手段、基本目标,及在“排他性”“包容性”上都与西方不同。

从历史上看,中国也曾学习、模仿、照搬过西方的制度,但都“水土不服”行不通,直到中国共产党选择了人民民主专政、人民共和国、人民政府等制度,走上了社会主义道路。

只有坚持中国特色社会主义道路,保证民族复兴的成果为全体中国人民共创共享,保证中国政治制度对国情的适应性、对西方制度的优越性,实现对发达国家的快速追赶和超越。

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央在总结古今中外治国理政的经验教训,特别是我们党领导人民进行革命、建设、改革的伟大实践所取得的宝贵经验的基础上,作出了推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的战略抉择。

这是对全面深化改革所面临的目标和任务作出的新的科学判断,是对马克思主义国家学说的创造性运用和发展,也标志着我们党对人类社会发展规律、社会主义建设规律、共产党执政规律和国家治理规律的认识达到了一个新的高度。

国家治理体系和治理能力是一个国家的制度和制度执行能力的集中体现,两者相辅相成。习近平总书记指出,一个国家选择什么样的治理体系,是由这个国家的历史传承、文化传统、经济社会发展水平决定的,是由这个国家的人民决定的。我国今天的国家治理体系,是在我国历史传承、文化传统、经济社会发展的基础上长期发展、渐进改进、内生性演化的结果。

要进一步推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,首先就应该对中国的国家治理绩效做出正确评析。与西方国家相比较,中国有哪些不同的国家治理体系和治理手段,在哪些方面显示了“中国特色”、“中国优势”?《瞭望》新闻周刊专访了清华大学国情研究院院长胡鞍钢,从国家治理层面切入,来剖析中国特有的国家治理体系和治理手段中所体现出来的“中国历史”、“中国道路”、“中国特色”与“中国优势”。

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