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西方分裂产生叠加效应 欧洲不得不报复美国

2018-06-13 10:38:40    参考消息

原标题:俄媒文章:西方分裂产生叠加效应欧洲不得不报复美国

参考消息网6月12日报道 俄罗斯《观点报》网站6月4日发表题为《西方开始分裂的六个证据——欧洲不能不报复美国》的文章称,美欧爆发贸易战恰逢欧盟历史上第一个疑欧派政府成立。正如索罗斯近日预言的那样,欧洲的确面临决定命运的时刻。但不光是欧洲。2018年夏天,我们正共同迈入世界历史的新阶段。

内部矛盾已成连环套

文章称,西方内部矛盾存在已久,随着特朗普当选美国总统,它们转向了公开层面。西方构建的国际秩序的总体危机,只是加剧了新老欧洲间的疏离。最近几周,矛盾一个接着一个,形成了已无法逆转或调解的连环套。

文章表示,与特朗普和欧洲怀疑论者作斗争的大西洋主义者索罗斯明确指出:“近几周来,特朗普不仅以自己的行动震惊了欧洲,还震惊了全世界。他单方面退出伊朗核协议,从而实际上破坏了跨大西洋联盟。此事将给本就陷入危机的欧洲制造更多不可预测的压力。如今,可以毫不夸张地讲,欧洲遭遇了生存威胁。这是严峻的现实。”

文章称,索罗斯是否急于下结论了——北约没有瓦解,欧洲在军事政治上对盎格鲁-撒克逊国家(不光是美国,还有英国,它们都是盎格鲁-撒克逊世界的智力人才中心)的依赖也并未消失。但索罗斯并非言过其实,一系列悬而未决的问题加在一起让美国和欧洲内部的紧张局势达到白热化。

美欧之间六大问题

文章指出,首先是欧洲亲大西洋精英对特朗普这个反大西洋利益代言人的不信任——即认为他会削弱西方团结。特朗普也不时打击欧洲亲美派“信念的象征”。

其次是美国退出伊核协议并威胁制裁在伊朗运营的欧洲公司。

第三是美国从6月1日起对钢铝加征关税和欧盟意料之中的反制措施。一连串相互报复之举(例如,美国或将提高欧洲汽车的进口关税)可能导致大西洋两岸爆发贸易战。

第四是美国对“北流-2”天然气管道工程施加越来越大的压力。欧洲认为这个问题对自己而言已经解决。欧洲非但不打算让步,还准备重启被埋葬的“南流”天然气管道项目,这次将是以“土耳其流”甚或“保加利亚流”的形式。在此背景下,欧洲结束与俄罗斯制裁战的意愿更加强烈。欧盟委员会主席让-克洛德·容克5月31日在布鲁塞尔表示,“需要恢复对俄关系”,这并非偶然。他表示:“我对我们关系的现状不太满意……我们不会忘记双方的差异和分歧。但应当停止妖魔化俄罗斯。

第五是两个公开疑欧派政党组建的政府在意大利上台。这两党主张弱化布鲁塞尔的地位,恢复与俄罗斯的全面合作。

第六是英国脱欧日益临近,须在今年秋天敲定和签署英国退出欧盟的一切条款,一旦失败,英国将爆发内政危机,并影响整个欧洲。

分裂将致灾难性影响

文章称,这些问题单独看来似乎没那么可怕。但它们放在一起产生了叠加效应,何况欧洲不可能在像伊朗这样的原则问题上让步。问题甚至不在于损失数百亿欧元,而在于倘若在立场问题上让步,欧盟就连有限的地缘政治自主性都会失去。在欧洲怀疑论者人气上升和英国脱欧的形势下,这将导致现在的泛欧洲精英(容克)和国家精英(默克尔、马克龙)威信扫地,并给明年的欧洲议会选举结果带来灾难性影响——疑欧派当然不会获胜,但会显著扩大自己的影响。

文章认为,因此,尽管当前危机中的个别因素不会对西方团结构成致命危害,但它们结合起来就会令局势极度紧张。面对美国施压,欧洲不能不捍卫自己的利益——这使得“西方分裂”的话题变得空前现实。当然,这次只会出现深深的裂痕,人们谈论的新世界的建立过程在6月1日迎来了又一个重要节点。


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