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转债市场有望吸引增量资金入场

2017-09-27 07:47:53   

以雨虹转债的顺利发行为标志,信用申购模式下的转债新时代正式开启。随着转债市场供给再度开闸,非债型投资者重新回归,个人投资者和小资金争抢打新“红包”的一幕再现。短期来看,随着转债发行提速,二级存量市场将开启回归合理估值之路,但中长期而言,转债市场有望逐渐摆脱小众市场的现状,为市场提供更加丰富的个券池,同时也吸引更多增量资金入场。转债供需格局正在悄然生变。

今年以来,可转债、可交换债的制度改革成为资本市场的一大亮点。年初,证监会发布再融资新规,规定再融资必须间隔18个月,但发行可转债、优先股不受此限制,使可转债成为定增替代的有效渠道,为转债发行重启铺平了道路;5月底宣布将调整可转债和可交债的申购机制,改资金申购为信用申购;9月8日,《关于修改的决定》(证监会令135号)正式发布,扫清了转债发行的最后障碍,传统转债的发行由此拉开帷幕;随后的22日,《创新创业公司非公开发行可转换公司债券业务实施细则(试行)》也趁热出炉,明确了创新创业公司非公开发行可转换公司债券的具体制度安排。

一系列政策安排,表达了监管层“发展可转债和优先股品种,抑制上市公司过度融资行为”的政策意图,也为转债供给加速创造了良好的政策环境,尤其是可转债、可交换债发行方式调整为信用申购之后,转债发行对资金面基本没有影响,监管对发行节奏的控制明显弱化。目前拟发行转债预案已经超过100只,规模超过3000亿元。

对投资者而言,信用申购实施之后,原本属于网下机构投资者的“蛋糕”被重新划分,个人投资者和小资金得到了抢打新“红包”的机会,转债市场的投资者结构将发生重大变化,投资群体也将更多元化。

据投行人士反馈,可转债、可交换债发行方式改为信用申购后,网下打新账户数量激增,且新规要求T日须公告网下申购数据,技术上几乎无法实现。在新的申购规则之下,后续可转债仅设置网上发行的概率较高,对于机构投资者来说更加不利。也就是说,对机构而言,尤其是大账户,转债打新的贡献将越来越低。

而参与网上申购时无需预缴申购资金,参与网下申购仅需50万保证金,资金冻结规模低,资金成本几乎可以忽略不计,可以预见的是,未来将会有大批的非债型投资者涌入转债的打新,且心理上的“目标价位”不明显,甚至只要盈利就能接受。

从更长远的时间来看,当供给逐步释放,转债估值趋于合理,非债型投资者也将回归市场,投资群体也将更多元化。一方面,信用申购将吸引更多打新资金;另一方面,转债供给增量之后可选择标的更为多样化,转债市场有望脱离存量博弈的制约,市场深度将明显提升,并为投资者带来足够的收益空间,转债市场将逐步摆脱小众市场的帽子。有机构乐观估计,未来如果转债市场规模从数百亿提升一个量级,小众市场也将变身主流市场。

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