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人民币汇率将双向波动稳中有升

2017-09-25 08:52:53   中国经济网

数据来源:Wind资讯,苏宁金融研究院整理计算

近期,我国经济延续稳中向好态势,继续提振市场信心,人民币兑美元汇率将保持双向波动、稳中有升。

9月22日,人民币兑美元中间价报6.5861,较前一日升值6个基点,结束了连续三日下调。

北京时间9月21日凌晨,美联储公布9月利率决议,维持联邦基金利率区间不变(1%-1.25%),宣布10月起开始缩减资产负债表,并暗示年内还将加息一次。美元受到提振,应声上涨1%。

整体来看,近期美元走弱和人民币走强不大可能在年内有明显反转,预计后续人民币汇率回调空间有限,年内将延续双向波动格局。

那么,人民币汇率未来前景怎样?或许是每个投资者和普通老百姓关注的问题。

逆周期调节因子影响多大

要讨论人民币汇率问题,首先应回顾一下当前人民币汇率形成机制到底是怎样的。今年5月26日,央行在人民币中间价机制“收盘汇率+一篮子货币汇率变化”中,引入了“逆周期调节因子”。针对市场的种种争论,央行在二季度货币政策执行报告特辟专栏,对引入逆周期因子动因和计算方法进行解释。

“2017年以来,我国经济增长的稳定性增强,主要经济指标总体向好,出口同比增速也明显加快。同时,美元汇率持续走弱,其他主要货币对美元汇率升值较多。”该专栏指出,“同期,人民币兑美元汇率中间价仅升值1.07%,不符合经济基本面和国际汇市变化。”

央行认为,造成这种“非对称升值”现象的原因是市场主体的非理性预期,即所谓的“羊群效应”,增大市场汇率超调的风险。由此看来,逆周期因子是在“收盘汇率+一篮子货币汇率变化”的过渡阶段,增加央行管理人民币汇率波动的工具,其主要是针对美元贬值周期中,人民币升值的幅度也大体跟上美元的贬值幅度,保持人民币汇率指数(CFETS)相对稳定。

从结果看,2015年“8·11”汇改至“逆周期因子”引入前,美元经历了两轮典型的贬值周期,在此期间人民币对美元的升值幅度,都远不及美元的贬值幅度。

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