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天鹅股份净利猛降134% 缘何业绩变脸如此快

2017-09-18 09:01:42   中国经济网

天鹅股份上市前一直是“业绩良好”的企业,但上市后仅一年,就“扭盈为亏”了。是公司的经营大环境出现了变化?还是公司之前的“优秀业绩”有水分?

《国际金融报》记者调查发现,近几年来天鹅股份的财务报表有诸多疑惑。

在分析问题之前,先来简要了解一下天鹅股份。

天鹅股份是我国棉花机械加工行业的龙头企业之一,2016年4月27日上市。2017年半年报显示,天鹅股份今年上半年净利润亏损292.67万元,同比猛降134.15%,业绩翻脸可谓凶猛。

《国际金融报》记者比较天鹅股份近几年的销售净利率和销售毛利率,发现2012年至2017年年中,天鹅股份的销售毛利率分别为36.7%、34.58%、33.04%、38.50%、37.35%、33.67%。自从2012年以来,该公司的销售毛利率都维持在30%以上。可是纵观2012年至2017年年中的销售净利率,2012年至2017年年中的销售净利率分别为10.15%、9.10%、9.05%、10.55%、11.18%、-3.35%。

天鹅股份2017年年中销售毛利率(33.67%)高于行业均值(21.01%)和行业中值(26.99%),但是销售净利率(-3.35%)却低于行业均值(6.9%)和行业中值(8.29%)。

对此,有质疑称,天鹅股份的销售净利率之所以会出现这种反常现象,是否因它在上市之前为了做高净利润而在2016年之前操纵了费用的确认?是否在上市前为了粉饰业绩递延确认了费用?

基本面“变天”

《国际金融报》记者查阅天鹅股份近几年的损益表发现,近年来天鹅股份的经营状况并不算好,自从2013年来该公司营业收入一直呈现负增长,2015年和2016年,平均每年的营业总收入分别下降30.37%和33.56%。根据该公司2012年至2016年的财务报表,该公司2012年至2016年的营业总收入分别为4.88亿、5.58亿、5.44亿、3.78亿和2.52亿元。

纵观天鹅股份这几年的盈利能力,从2012年至2016年,该公司持续盈利,每年的净利润分别为1.26亿、1.42亿、1.04亿、1.18亿以及7702.7万元。

然而,目前天鹅股份的净利率、总资产净利率和权益净利率分别为-3.35%,-0.32%和-0.41%,公司基本面发生了“翻天覆地”的变化。

同花顺数据显示,天鹅股份的滚动市盈率(156.57)、2017年预测市盈率(90.17)、以及2018年预测市盈率(78.03),都远远高于制造业市盈率的行业均值(滚动市盈率37.15、2017年预测市盈率25.57和2018年预测市盈率20.56)和行业中值(滚动市盈率46.36、2017年预测市盈率34.59和2018年预测市盈率26.2)。业内人士表示,从市盈率指标上来看,天鹅股份估价很有可能被远远高估。

一位分析师对记者分析,天鹅股份属于微盘股,目前正处于盈利能力下降、业绩下滑阶段,轧花设备竞争激烈已经进入成熟阶段,公司净资产收益率自从2016年持续下滑,并且低于行业平均水平。前景难言乐观。

资产重组的诱惑

天鹅股份自从上市以来,已经停牌多次。

天鹅股份最新一次停牌是因为正在筹划重大事项,可能构成重大资产重组。

有业内人士分析,天鹅股份2017年上半年刚刚亏损,就立即进行资产重组,其背后动机令人怀疑。

一位分析师对记者表示,资产重组并不代表重大利好,关键还要看复牌后的情况,如果复牌后一字板涨停,问题就不大,如果继续下跌资金流出,就需要注意。该分析师进一步表示,天鹅股份卖出信号早已出现。

另一位资深分析师对记者表示:“天鹅股份资产重组对股价起不到什么作用。股票量能萎缩,主力资金没有大量流出流入。而且公司本身业绩下降了30%,股票开盘尽早出手吧!”

就上述问题,记者多次致电天鹅股份,但电话一直处于无人接听状态。截至记者发稿,采访邮件也无回复。

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