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人民币汇率十连涨隐形推手:出口商扎堆存量结汇

2017-09-10 07:42:38   中国经济网

诸建芳认为,在此轮人民币对美元汇率的升值中,央行的人民币篮子汇率依然保持相对稳定,这也是人民币对美元汇率在走势上跟随美元名义有效汇率的结果。

数据显示,外汇储备已经连续7个月回升。央行9月7日公布的外汇储备规模数据显示,截至今年8月末,我国外汇储备规模为30915亿美元,较7月末上升108亿美元,升幅为0.4%。就在当天,在岸人民币升破6.5关口,刷新去年5月以来新高,离岸人民币对美元逼近6.51关口。自8月份以来,在岸人民币对美元从6.70附近回升至6.50,涨幅接近3%。

交通银行金融研究中心高级研究员刘健表示,内地8月份外储连续7个月回升,其中重要原因可能是8月资本流入对外汇储备的贡献可能首次为正。8月人民币汇率突破6.7关口后,带来部分空头止损盘的平盘及企业结汇意愿上升,部分人民币空头可能转为多头,因而带来资本净流入,预计资本流入带来的外储增加30-50亿美元。

短期反弹还是趋势逆袭

本轮人民币对美元强势上涨,是趋势性回升还是短期反弹?这一波行情能持续多久?

诸建芳认为,“从当前来看,由于人民即期汇率相对中间价已明显走强,央行并不希望这一趋势延续以导致人民币篮子汇率的明显升值(除非美元名义有效汇率持续走弱),因此,在逆周期因子的作用下,短期内人民币对美元中间价进一步上行的空间很可能将受到限制。”

“人民币短期急升难持续。”东吴证券分析师丁文韬断定。其分析认为,6月份以来人民币汇率大幅补涨一方面是因为美元持续走弱,另一方面要归功于“逆周期因子”的引入,一定程度上降低了市场做空机制带来的贬值压力。近期美元悲观预期存在超调,之后大概率出现低位反弹,人民币单边升值势头恐难持续,双向波动更有可能成为“常态化”。

不过也有专家和分析师看好人民币的升值势头。

“人民币升值,故事才刚刚开始。”申万宏源固收分析师秦泰认为。“人民币中期贬值过程已经结束,进入稳中有升的新阶段;中间价形成机制、主要货币汇率的结构性变化、以及国际收支结构的变化三大短期因素预期显示,人民币年底前仍将持续走强;预计人民币兑美元汇率在当前水平上仍有约2%的升值空间,上调年底人民币兑美元汇率预期至6.4左右。”“2017年人民币升值并非‘昙花一现’,而是‘趋势逆袭’。”九州证券首席经济学家邓海清言之凿凿。“随着美国特朗普政府内部分歧加大、美国经济复苏阶段性见顶、欧洲经济复苏强劲,将进一步带动美元指数走弱,与此相反,中国经济逐渐稳定进入L型下半场、资产价格泡沫风险逐渐化解,中美基本面对比将进一步带动人民币走强,‘人民币强势、美元弱势’格局确认。”

中国人民大学财政金融政策研究中心研究员涂永红认为,人民币还有升值趋势,“决定汇率的短期因素和长期因素是不一样的。长期来看,取决于经济增长速度。中国经济增长贡献了全球的三分之一,势头强劲,对货币购买力有强有力支撑。短期取决于市场情绪,比如投机和突发事件等,导致短期汇率波动。但是,短期波动会回归长期的趋势上。”“每年第四季度都是贸易增长最快的,贸易顺差即使在扩大,增加的外汇比较大,人民币可能还会升值。”涂永红说。

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