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集体土地入市“北京经验”:资金难题是关键

2017-09-08 07:52:05   中国经济网

每经实习记者 冯颖祎 每经编辑 卢祥勇

集体土地进入租赁市场,资金是绕不开的坎,金融创新则成为最具价值的探索。从2011年起,北京作为首批集体土地建租赁房试点城市,先后在5个集体土地地块开展了租赁住房项目试点,建设租赁住房1.28万套。

北京市住建委相关人士向《每日经济新闻》记者坦言,集体土地建租赁住房试点中最关键的是资金问题。目前,北京市住建委已经与国家开发银行对接研究融资方案,争取能有一些贷款优惠政策。

此外,记者采访了多位来自国有房企、长租公寓运营商的业内人士发现,社会资本正对于集体土地租赁住房正跃跃欲试,甚至已经开始布局。

引入政策性银行

由于集体土地抵押尚存政策限制,而租赁项目资产证券化难度大,资金来源成为集体土地建租赁住房最大的约束。

作为北京市试点之一的创客小镇,租赁住房建设方为一家集体企业。该企业一位员工向《每日经济新闻》记者坦言,“筹资、建设压力比较大。”土地性质有抵押贷款限制,但是要花钱建设,集体企业只能想办法做其他抵押贷款。

目前试点项目大多由村镇集体企业主导开发,而集体企业的自有资金和融资渠道都不具优势,而且经济实力也参差不齐。这也成为集体土地开发中的一个制约因素。

另一个作为公租房运营的集体土地租赁住房项目也面临同样的问题。该项目相关负责人向记者表示,资金遇到很大困难,作为试点项目,集体土地无法融资,区房管局先预付了3年房租费用,乡级统筹作用也解决了一部分。

对于建设资金的筹集,《每日经济新闻》记者向北京市住建委有关人士了解到,目前北京市相关政府部门已经与国家开发银行对接研究融资方案,争取能有一些贷款优惠政策支持集体土地租赁住房建设。

上述住建委有关人士表示,集体土地建设租赁住房是一个多方共赢的事情,既能有效盘活农村集体土地,增加农民收益,又能增加租赁住房市场的有效供给,缓解租赁市场的供需矛盾,同时政府也可趸租部分房源用于公租房,扩大房源筹集渠道。专业机构趸租房源作为公租房的,可以享受公租房经营期间的有关税收优惠政策。

融资渠道亦可多元化

《每日经济新闻》记者在走访调研中注意到,几乎每个试点项目都面临着资金压力大的问题。而面对租赁住房大量供应,单一的融资渠道已经很难满足集体土地租赁住房建设的需求。

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