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委外再遇监管冲击 定制基金“魅力”何在?

2017-09-06 06:51:44   中国经济网

流动性新规下,委外定制基金的日子或将更难过。

2017年9月1日,证监会正式发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》(以下简称《管理规定》),自10月1日起实施。有业内人士受访时指出,“对于机构占比较高的基金而言,可能会出现投资难度加大、收益降低、规模增长放缓等影响,有可能部分定制客户会赎回。”

而从2017年中报来看,上半年开放式基金机构持有人也出现了萎缩的变化。

根据21世纪经济报道记者统计数据,2017年上半年与年初相比,机构投资者持有开放式基金份额和比例下降较为明显。其中值得注意的是,机构投资中,货币市场基金占比下降,港股基金获青睐。

定制基金收缩

“新规主要是为了解决资本市场,特别是机构投资者参与固收类基金的流动性问题的一个举措。”上德谷投资董事长赵立松告诉21世纪经济报道记者,主要是要规避在机构投资者赎回基金的过程中可能会引发的基金流动性问题和系统性风险。

早在3月31日,证监会就《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定(征求意见稿)》公开征求意见,直到9月1日,证监会正式发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》,自10月1日起实施。

新规涉及委外定制基金的主要有第十四、二十八、三十、三十一条等。

譬如规定,允许单一投资者持有基金份额比例达到或者超过50%的基金,此类基金只能封闭运作或定期开放运作(定期开放周期不得低于3个月)并采取发起式基金形式。不得向个人发售。如果上述定制化基金为货币基金,不得采用摊余成本法。否则要求80%以上资产配置利率债、现金和5个交易日内到期的金融工具。

此外,前10投资者超过50%,平均剩余期限不超过60天(正常为120天),平均剩余存续期限为120天。5个交易日内到期的高流动性资产不低于30%。如果该比例不达标且低于10%,且存在负偏离,1%以上的赎回需要惩罚性征收1%的赎回费。

事实上根据21世纪经济报道记者了解,按上述规定,机构定制型基金需采取定开发起式形式,与3.17新政要求相同,目前各家基金公司已经参照该条要求在具体执行。

根据21世纪经济报道记者掌握的信息,对于银行和保险机构,之所以做定制化公募,本来是因为避税需求,通过公募基金购买CD和少量信用债;在流动性和投资范围的限制大幅度降低收益率,对于机构类货币基金避税和收益都提出更大挑战,吸引力大幅度下降。

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