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上半年利润占公募四成 监管“施压”货基扩张

2017-09-05 06:41:51   中国经济网

□本报实习记者 王蕊

上周,公募基金2017年半年报披露完毕。数据显示,今年以来,占据公募市场半壁江山的货币基金规模不断扩张,受到市场青睐。公募基金市场上半年利润总额为2256亿元,比去年下半年增加1678亿元,货币型基金贡献利润823亿元,仅次于混合型基金的837.5亿元。然而,业内人士提醒,未来货币基金或将面临监管趋严。

业绩两极分化

漂亮的整体业绩并不意味着百花齐放,中国证券报记者根据数据统计发现,货币基金实际上正面临着“少数扛大梁,很多拖后腿”的尴尬情况。

从七日年化数据来看,从今年年初至8月底,纳入统计的765只货币基金中,有21只七日年化收益率均值超过4.5%,占比不到3个百分点;另有175只货币基金七日年化收益率均值不足3.5%,占比接近23%。

从净利润来看,对比有数据统计的665只货币基金,24只上半年净利润超过10亿元,总规模突破1.43万亿元的天弘余额宝毫无疑义夺冠,凭借215亿元的净利润额将排名第二的45亿元远远甩在身后。与此同时,尚有186只货币基金上半年净利润额不足1亿元,占比近三成。

从净利润增长率来看,有统计数据的437只货币基金中,275只上半年净利润同比上涨,占比63%。其中,18只上半年净利润增长超过50倍,12只基金净利润增长超过100倍,排名第一的富国安益净利润增长甚至达到595倍。另一方面,还有75只货币基金上半年净利润下降超过一半。

数据还显示,除部分已经具有相当规模的基金外,货币基金净利润的大幅上涨,通常伴随着规模的扩张。

规模不断攀升

2017年年初以来,货币基金规模不断攀升,目前占全部公募基金的总资产管理规模比例超过一半。据中国证券投资基金业协会8月公布的数据,7月货币基金规模达到5.84万亿元,增加7503.73亿元,环比增长14.74%,是2016年以来最大增幅。在货币基金规模大增的带动下,公募基金总规模7月末达10.68万亿元,创公募基金行业总规模的历史新高。

数据显示,年初以来货币基金规模先降后升,从2017年初的4.52万亿份降至3月底的4.02万亿份,第二季度规模又大幅增加。

中信证券认为,货币基金规模的快速增长或与同业存单发行量大增和收益率上行存在密切关系。有业内人士表示,资金充裕的大型银行在货币基金收益率不断提高的情况,将资金投向货币基金;货币基金规模不断增长,大量配置收益率上行的中小型银行同业存单,收益率上升进一步吸引大型银行等机构投资者。在同业理财严重受限的情况下,货币基金或已发展成为一种全新的“通道”,实际上部分取代了以往同业理财的角色,成为中小型银行从大型银行获取资金的通道。

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