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上市公司跨界锂电热潮不减 高位入场标的业绩承诺存隐忧

2017-09-05 07:32:26   中国经济网

“小时候,每当听见黑芝麻糊的叫卖声,我就再也坐不住了。”如今,面对火爆的动力锂电池行业,坐不住的却是黑芝麻。实际上,高空作业车的海伦哲、照明灯具的雪莱特、纺织业的维科精华等上市公司也迫不及待加入了锂电“战场”。

《每日经济新闻》记者不完全统计发现,在上市公司对锂电行业的投资中,2015年上市公司跨界锂电并购占比近两成,2016年大约占比一半,而2017年上半年这一比例已经超过六成。跨界并购的趋势正越来越明显。

2015年到2017年上半年,上市公司锂电相关并购涉及的金额超过1500亿元,而其中跨界并购接近600亿元。行业呈现出一片繁荣景象,但也要注意到的是,锂电行业跨界并购火爆之下,产能过剩、标的业绩承诺难达预期等风险随之而生。行业风口时,高位入场,当行业转向时,当初的高业绩承诺能否完成,公司的发展能否支撑高估值?这不得不引起重视。

看好锂电的不止黑芝麻

今年6月,以“南方黑芝麻糊”闻名的黑芝麻计划与有锂电技术背景的公司合资成立公司,切入动力电池管理系统领域。

实际上,锂电行业这块蛋糕引来各类上市公司。早在去年,董明珠看好珠海银隆的钛酸锂技术,力推格力电器130亿元收购珠海银隆。虽然该投资计划最终“搁浅”,但董明珠另起炉灶,以个人身份投资珠海银隆。目前,珠海银隆已经在IPO的路上。

一组数据可以清楚的展示锂电行业并购热。记者不完全统计,2015年,23家上市公司参与锂电相关并购,2016年增加到44家,2017年上半年有23家;2015年,并购涉及金额513亿元,2016年激增到约820亿元,2017年上半年大约210亿元。

值得注意的是,这两年半的锂电池并购事件中,上市公司跨界比例明显上升,2015年17%左右,2016年约48%,2017年上半年则达到了约64%。与此同时,在上市公司对锂电行业的投资中,跨界并购涉及的金额增幅巨大,2015年占比一成左右,2016年占比达到四成,2017年上半年高达九成。

锂电行业并购热与新能源汽车发展息息相关。新能源汽车核心是动力电池,各路资本为了卡位、抢占市场,采取资本运作方式可谓八仙过海。锂电行业的企业通过收购、抢滩布局等举措实现产能加速扩张,行业外巨头企业也通过并购、参股等形式纷纷跨界进入新能源领域。一时间,锂电行业风起云涌。

新能源热潮爆发至今,并购涉及的领域各有特点,但锂电行业始终是并购重点,细分领域包括盈利能力较强的正负极材料、隔膜、六氟磷酸锂、碳酸锂、锂电设备、锂电池制造等。

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