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险资多措并举疏通参与PPP路径

2017-08-18 11:04:46   中国经济网

近年来保险业保费收入平稳快速增长,保险资金运用规模的跨越式发展给险资参与PPP提供了有力的资金保证。业内人士认为,未来保险资金参与PPP的战略布局上应该有所侧重,选择细分领域,险资应该重点考虑久期长、适合保险资金投资特性的PPP项目。

险资与PPP深度融合

去年以来,PPP项目频频出现险资“身影”。中国人寿参与的青岛地铁4号线项目开创了保险行业通过公开招标方式直接参与投资PPP项目的先河,中国人寿中标后,将持有“青岛地铁4号线基金”优先级LP份额,占比58.33%,基金与青岛市政府、施工方设立项目公司,负责青岛市地铁4号线PPP项目的投融资、建设与运营。同时,中国人寿还参与投资将存量公共服务转型为PPP模式的宁波“五路四桥”PPP项目,有效降低了地方政府杠杆率,协助地方政府盘活资金用于更多民生项目建设。

呼和浩特市轨道交通1号线一期工程PPP项目,签约方之一深圳市太平投资有限公司,正是中国太平保险旗下子公司。呼市1号线项目总投资约170亿元,其中纳入PPP项目范围的投资约146亿元,其余部分涉及项目征地拆迁补偿和工程建设其他费用等,由政府投资。PPP项目资本金为总投资的50%,太平保险所属的太平投资公司需要投入本金约1.5亿元,深圳市太平投资有限公司在本项目中占股2%。本项目合作期30年,其中经营期25年。

业内人士认为,目前,我国基础设施投融资方式由政府投资为主导逐步转向政府与各类社会资本合作、共建,建立风险共担、利益共享的PPP投融资机制方向转变,同时政府补贴方式的重心也由前期投资向后期采购转变。在此背景下,保险资金参与PPP项目投融资变得可期。产业发展需要金融资本,保险资本和产业资本产融双方相互结合,实现优势互补,而PPP正是合适的载体和产融结合的有效平台。

险资参与PPP应有所侧重

太平资产管理有限公司战略发展部马勇认为,对于未来基建投资领域的具体机会,保险资金可以参与以下几类PPP项目:一是参与PPP基金,在政府投融资平台上,作为出资人(LP)或管理人(GP)积极参与投资国家级、省部级基础设施领域PPP基金,在政府平台模式下,回收投资是依赖于政府信用和外部信用增级,融资期限一般是5年左右,可获得更好的投资安全性。

二是积极参与收益稳定且可靠的地方PPP项目融资。在项目融资模式下,以项目本身的经营收入作为第一还款来源,一般的融资期限是10-30年。目前,国内的金融机构更适于以3-5年的中短期融资为主,还不适应长期融资的PPP项目融资需求。

三是适度参与地方融资平台公司的转型和改制,保险机构可利用地方融资平台在存量债务清理过程中的合作机会来挖掘优质投资项目,也可参与具有良好基础资产和管理能力的融资平台的股权投资。

业内人士认为,需要注意的是,保险资金参与PPP的战略布局上应该有所侧重,选择细分领域。为应对今后低利率的挑战,险资必须拉长资产配置久期,加大另类资产配置力度,提高跨利率周期能力。因此,险资应该重点考虑久期长,适合保险资金投资特性的PPP项目。为更好地发挥保险资金的长期性、稳健性作用,保险业还可投资能够产生较好的长期、稳定现金流的PPP项目,其资产具备产品化或证券化的条件,将有利于吸引其他资金配置保险资产管理产品,提高保险业在泛资产管理行业中的投资能力和供给侧结构性改革中的地位。

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