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央企董事会试点明年再扩围 董事会职权将继续扩大

2016-12-28 11:12:04   

“董事会扩大试点的意义重大,自2004年试点以来,董事会不仅帮助央企实现了科学、民主决策,而且加强了对内部人的控制,从制度上约束了国企高管的权力,并在一定程度上避免了权力寻租和利益输送现象发生。”国家开发投资公司(下称“国投”)有关负责人对《经济参考报》记者表示。

作为十项改革试点之一,国投按照“试点先行、一企一策”启动子公司分类授权试点改革后,公司全面启动股权董事改革,推行专职股权董事制度,总部派出董事由兼职改为专职;由总部代行决策改为独立决策;董事对决策终身负责。同时发挥股权董事的作用,建立责、权、利有效落实的体制机制。不仅如此,为了更好地进行董事会试点,国投还从全集团内推荐选拔,建立了一支包括专职董事长、行业战略管理、人力资源管理、审计与风险管理专家在内的专职股权董事队伍,通过制定专项制度对股权董事进行专业化管理,助力公司授权改革有序推进。

“从国投电力改革的情况看,股权董事改革后,董事履职的客观独立性明显增强,深入细致度明显提高,决策效率明显加快,决策的水平和质量没有打折,很好地落实了集团关于‘做实董事会’的工作要求,更好地发挥了董事会在国投电力公司法人治理中的关键性作用,也大大激发了改革的热情和积极性。”回顾一年的改革之路,上述人士这样对记者表示。

这仅仅是董事会试点改革的一例,作为本轮国企改革的重要组成部分,董事会建设和落实董事会职权试点正在不断深化。《经济参考报》记者了解到,为推进中粮集团国有资本投资公司试点工作,国务院国资委日前对集团董事会进行了18项授权,涉及资产配置、薪酬分配、市场化用人等多方面。

明年的国企改革信号已经非常清晰。记者日前从国资委获悉,围绕着董事会建设,明年的改革将进一步扩大,不仅试点央企数量扩围,董事会职权也会进一步下放,把应该企业管理的权力交还给企业。按照改革安排,董事会建设方面3项试点将在宝武集团、国投和中广核集团开展,市场化选聘经营管理者和职业经理人制度试点将在国投、中国通号等中央企业的二级企业开展。投资、运营公司试点增点扩面,新增神华集团、宝武集团、中国五矿、招商局集团、中交集团、保利集团等6家企业作为国有资本投资公司试点单位,国有资本运营公司试点在诚通集团、中国国新开展,“两类公司”试点企业合计已达10家,企业员工持股试点,已确定了10家试点中央企业三级子企业名单。

不仅如此,公司制股份制改革步伐也在加快,根据最新数据显示,中央企业的子企业公司制改制面超过92%,混合所有制企业户数占比达到68%。董事会建设进一步深化,建设规范董事会的中央企业达到85家,外部董事人才库增加到389人,专职外部董事增加到26人。

毫无疑问,决定董事会作用和效率的核心问题就是经营层的选聘,能否有效执行董事会的决议,成了一个值得关注的问题。有央企人士坦言,中央企业董事会的权力仍没有有效落实,董事会与国资委的权责边界仍不清晰,“实现以管企业为主向管资本为主的转变”还在探索过程中。

“国企在2004年之前就有董事会,这些董事会内部设置也是该有的都有,但董事会却没有发挥应有的作用。”中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦告诉记者。他表示,在出资人机构和国企之间没有一个缓冲带,作为出资人的政府经常直接干预企业的日常经营活动,政企不分的现象很普遍。因此下一步改革的重点,出资人机构应该简政放权,把该放的权、属于董事会的权力,都交给董事会。他建议,把最重要的三项权力,即聘任权、考核权和薪酬权交由董事会。

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