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评论:共享单车是块试金石

2017-09-13 09:41:23   央广网

从初投市场惊艳亮相,到野蛮生长备受非议,直到最近国内12个城市相继暂停新增投放,一直以来,围绕共享单车的争议从未停歇。这种被誉为是中国新四大发明的新生事物,牵动了整个社会神经:从企业主体到用户个人再到政府主管。因此,共享单车它不仅仅是一种交通工具,它更是一块试金石:考验着政府、企业和用户。

共享单车从进入市场到爆发式增长,不过短短一年时间。统计显示:目前国内共享单车累计投放量达到1600万辆,用户规模1.06亿。共享单车不仅在国内遍地开花,还走出国门。如摩拜,已经进入了英国、新加坡、日本等国外市场。

如果要问这支庞大的单车队伍究竟带来了什么,答案是显而易见的。首先,从交通出行来看,共享单车很好解决了出行最后一公里的问题。统计显示:北京的交通拥堵率为此降低了4.1%。其次,共享单车对节能减排做出了贡献。有研究报告指出,因为共享单车的出现今年我国汽油使用量预计节约140万吨,相当于全年汽油总销量的1%。共享单车对促进就业同样发挥了作用。国家信息中心分享经济研究中心的研究表明:共享单车带动了10万人就业,我国新增100个就业岗位中就有0.98人从事和共享单车相关的行业。当然,共享单车的最大贡献还在于它是一种新方式、新理念、新思维。以共享单车为代表的共享经济,或将给整个经济社会带来颠覆性的变革。

但任何一项新生事物,必定伴随着种种未知和不确定性。眼下,共享单车最被人吐槽的无外乎野蛮增长、无序停放、押金风险、侵占破坏等问题。在这其中,政府监管、企业主体和用户个人都脱离不了干系。

事实上,互联网时代,新模式新理念更新太快,政府监管一直被动、滞后。早几年的网约车在经历了烧钱大战、挤压传统出租车市场之后,各地终于从“堵”到“疏”,开始制定网约车管理条例。今天的共享单车之乱象,与网约车大战几乎雷同。但城市管理者并未吸取教训,从开始的观望到迫于舆论压力,直到最近紧急叫停,这都充分暴露了主管部门的思维观念和监管方式都跟不上时代的潮流。在对待共享单车野蛮生长问题上,需破除一刀切懒政思维。每一个城市,都该对城市的容量有个清晰的规划,要积极运用行政、市场的手段,引导共享单车走向规范。

共享单车企业和用户个人也无法置身之外。共享单车的背后,是资本泡沫的堆彻。仅今年上半年,共享单车领域的投融资事件就有22起,融资额104亿元。因为看好共享单车这一风口,资本的疯狂追逐,变成了街头的红橙黄绿青蓝紫各色单车。大家都在急着跑马圈地,抢占用户,导致单车遍地开花,甚至堆彻成山。资本的逐利本性可以理解,但企业必须流着道德的血液。当共享单车扰乱了社会秩序、过度侵占了公共资源,企业必须加强自律、精细管理。

用户个人是共享单车的最终目标。如果说随意停放是公民个人文明素养的问题,那么撬锁、砸损甚至扔进河里,那就涉及到违法犯罪了。有人说,共享单车是一面照妖镜,照出了市民的素质。确实,公共场所,更见文明。有专家认为,共享单车将促进社会诚信体系的建设。当共享单车身上发生的种种不文明行为引发全民热议时,恰恰说明大家对社会信用的重视和呼吁。因此,要促进共享单车更好发展,用户个人需从自身做起,提升素养,遵法守信,必不可少。

在国内13个城市相继暂停共享单车新增投放之后,共享单车的下步该何去何从?OFO付总裁向继贵日前在一个论坛上公开表示:目前的市场距离他们的目标还有差距,他们未来要连接20亿用户。看来,共享单车企业对将来依然信心满满。所谓天下大势,浩浩汤汤。既然新的经济态势无法阻挡,那么不如顺势而为。从政府到企业再到个人,不妨把它当作是一块试金石:倒逼政府提升社会治理能力、促进企业管理创新、激励用户个人提升文明素养!(央广评论员:曹美丽)

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