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谁来清理“堆积如山”的共享单车?

2017-09-09 16:16:39   新华网

在北京国贸上班的李磊最近发现,早高峰拥堵多了种新的表现形式:人行道上、地铁出口密密麻麻的自行车横亘面前。她经常需要“手动清障”,挪开共享单车,才能顺利前行。

李磊把这些歪斜在路边的“路障”拍下来发了朋友圈,质问“这路还能走人吗?”她的抱怨马上引来上海、深圳、成都、昆明等地朋友的点赞,有关共享单车“乱停乱放”、“过度投放”的吐槽从各大城市纷涌而来。

随着共享单车成为都市生活的必备品和单车市场白热化竞争的持续发酵,触手可得的单车服务也开始向城市管理发起了挑战。一时间,单车停放成为新的城市难题。

9月7日,北京市交通委下发通知,暂停在本市新增投放共享自行车。此前,上海、广州、深圳、武汉等11个城市已暂停共享自行车新增投放,加强共享自行车总量调控和秩序管理。

叫停共享单车的新车投放,原因是现有投放量已饱和。据交通运输部不完全统计,截至2017年7月,全国共有互联网租赁自行车运营企业近70家,累计投放车辆超过1600万辆,注册人数超过1.3亿人次,累计服务超过15亿人次。这些自行车报废之后形成的单车“垃圾山”也让人担忧。

谁来清理堵在人行道和地铁口“堆积如山”的共享单车?“李磊们”的质疑不仅是对政府与企业的追问,也关系着共享单车如何在便捷和负担之间,平衡自身在城市中的角色。

  各地政策频出,鼓励为主,更须细则落地

共享单车的规范发展及管理需要凝聚政府、企业、社会、承租人这几个主体的共识,形成合力。记者梳理发现,各地共享单车政策几乎都是围绕“政府、企业、社会、承租人”几个主体展开,明确规定了每个主体的职责以及企业的准入和退出机制。

各地规定都涉及单车有序停放、车辆维护和更新、车辆总量调节、投诉和赔偿渠道、个人信用制度建立以及消费者隐私这几个已经出现的问题进行规定。其中,单车的有序停放方面需要政府、企业以及承租人共同担责。车辆维护和更新方面,上海和杭州则实施单车3年强制报废。

企业一方作为市场主体,如何发挥自己角色的作用?大部分城市均指出要引导共享单车企业规范发展。以成都为例,今年初发布的《成都市关于鼓励共享单车发展的试行意见(征求意见稿)》显示,共享单车属于自行车分时租赁的企业经营活动,是市场行为,企业是共享单车投放和经营管理的主体,应充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用;企业作为市场主体,应承担共享单车运营管理的主体责任。

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