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音乐版权合作应让创作者和用户都受益

2017-09-13 08:26:31   新华网

【行业观察】

目前看来付费电子音乐仍处于整合阶段,若要长久健康发展,还需要相关行业条例跟上资本的脚步,在保障创作者权益和消费者便利的前提下,引导平台规范化运营。否则,盲目扩张和恶性竞争会再一次伤害整个行业。

跨平台音乐版权合作方便了用户

手机里装三四个音乐APP的日子终于可以结束了。

音乐类APP在版权战场上的厮杀有了新的进展。9月12日,腾讯音乐娱乐集团与阿里音乐共同宣布重磅消息,双方在音乐领域再度牵手,达成音乐版权转授权合作。腾讯音乐娱乐集团将独家代理的环球、华纳、索尼全球三大唱片公司与YG娱乐、杰威尔音乐等优质音乐版权资源,转授至阿里音乐,曲库数量在百万级以上,同时,阿里音乐独家代理的滚石、华研、相信、寰亚等音乐版权也转授给了腾讯音乐娱乐集团,该部分曲库数量未披露。

直观来说,往后五月天、林宥嘉、田馥甄、李宗盛等歌手的歌曲都能在腾讯旗下的QQ音乐、酷狗音乐、酷我音乐三款客户端听到,而BIGBANG、周杰伦等歌手歌曲也会向虾米音乐用户同步开放。对于用户来说,这无疑是个好消息,听个歌也要辗转于多个APP之间的糟心体验终于到头了。

腾讯和阿里的此次合作,多少令人有些诧异。毕竟在此之前,腾讯音乐和颇受用户青睐的网易云音乐就版权问题已经展开了对话。即便没有选择牵手阿里,或许腾讯与网易云的合作也不会太远,多方混战的局面始终需要一个平衡点。如果始终保持各大平台僵持不下的局面,那么互联网在线音乐将面临的是整个行业的危机。军备竞赛式的版权购买、相互掣肘最终带来的是行业生态的恶化。

而且,在版权割据时代里,用户体验重度受损恐怕是带来的最大恶果,最有可能导致的是用户大规模放弃在线收听,转而选择下载收听,或是选择盗版音乐。所以,在各大平台以版权资源为核心开战的状态如果一直延续,最终将发展为整个行业的倒退。

音乐付费全面开启还需要行业自律

与此同时,混战的阶段性结束,也意味着基于版权逻辑基础之上的音乐付费时代已全面开启,但这恐怕并不意味着原创音乐人迎来自己的好时光。

版权是保护音乐人和音乐作品的基石,但今天推动整个行业正版化发展进程的却是从来不创作不生产的互联网平台企业。也有业界人士担心,在腾讯、阿里、百度和网易云的多方混战中,不知不觉,版权费已经飙升至垄断局面,BAT(B=百度、A=阿里巴巴、T=腾讯)+网易的大船,在版权江湖中凭借雄厚的资本不断扩展疆域。但这样猛涨的版权经济链上,创作者本身处于最底层,真正到达原创音乐人手中的利益在版权持有者的利益对比下,几乎可以忽略不计。用户在平台上付费收听和下载的版权作品,但钱却并没有真正支撑原创音乐人。

版权大战在阿里和腾讯的强强联手中告一段落,但并不会永久和平,因为唱片公司出售的音乐版权期限一般在两到三年,平台基因决定了对独家版权的垄断利益的渴望。或许很快硝烟即将再起。

在实体唱片没落的今天,消费者似乎除了各大音乐平台没有其他选择,这也决定了平台对音乐版权的垄断地位。在上游创作者到平台发行方再到消费者这条产业链中,最强势的已然是平台。此时方便了消费者的版权合作,长此以往是否成为伤害创作者权益的双刃剑?现在难以预测。目前看来付费电子音乐仍处于整合阶段,若要长久健康发展,还需要相关行业条例跟上资本的脚步,在保障创作者权益和消费者便利的前提下,引导平台规范化运营。否则,盲目扩张和恶性竞争会再一次伤害整个行业。

□纪如泽(媒体人)

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