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绿色保险助力“中国药都”建设

2017-08-22 07:27:38   中国青年网

【摘 要】

2014年,定西市在全国首推中药材产值保险,为中药材种植户提供自然风险、意外风险及市场风险保险保障,并建立了政府财政补贴、银行配套贷款及保险公司提供风险保障的“三位一体”中药材产值保险综合保障机制。中药材产值保险被中国改革年会评为“2014年度中国改革十大案例”之一。

【背 景】

定西市中药材资源丰富,种植历史悠久,素有“千年药乡”之称,中药材种植面积和产量均居全国地级市第一,农民人均从中药材产业获得收入占农民人均纯收入的21%,主产区陇西、渭源、岷县占到全部纯收入的50%以上。但中药材种植投入高、自然和市场风险大,严重影响了药农种药积极性,制约了药农增收和中药产业发展。

【做 法】

精准设计保险产品。中药材产值保险以保障药农特别是贫困药农利益为目的,以“政府引导、市场运作、自主自愿、协同推进、药农受益”为原则,以破解自然风险和市场风险为导向,针对不同产品和不同投保对象确定了差异化的保额,为药农提供了“秋后算账不亏钱”的保险品种。

引入第三方科学定损。农产品合理定损是开展农业保险的关键,也是难点。为提高理赔产量确定的公信力,有效控制测产过程中的道德风险,定西市引入第三方国家统计局定西调查队进行测产、确定理赔产量,为产值保险的顺利开展奠定了基础。

推动财政保费补贴。中药材产值保险积极引入政府补贴,每亩省、市、县财政共补贴保费约占60%。2014年以来,财政累计补贴保费2503.1万元,中药材产值保险为药农提供风险保障6.96亿元,财政资金的放大效应达到27.81倍,充分发挥了财政资金撬动金融资源的杠杆作用。

建立银保联动保障机制。在推动中药材产值保险中,定西市建立了“三权一金”贷款模式,中药材种植户将中药材产值保险赔偿权、当年中药材种植收益权及农村承包土地经营权抵(质)押给银行,银行对符合条件的种植户发放贷款。银行通过保险公司的赔偿有效控制了贷款风险,保险公司也通过银行贷款降低了保险风险。

【成 效】

保险范围不断扩大。中药材产值保险承保面积从2014年的8.77万亩扩大到2016年的12万亩,参保农户从2.59万户扩大到3.37万户,参保企业(合作社)达55家。

药农收益得到保障。在遭受2014年药材价格大幅下跌和2015年、2016年持续旱灾的情况下,保险公司累计赔付7524万元,户均获赔840元。尤其是开办第一年,参加了中药材产值保险的2.59万户药农获得理赔3524万元,户均1361元,相当于当年定西农民人均纯收入的29.6%,为农户自缴保费的7.4倍,有效降低了药农损失,提高了药农种植积极性,为群众脱贫发挥了重要作用。

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