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实践精神 应用导向

2017-08-21 06:26:28   中国青年网

在采访曲久辉院士的过程中,他所坚持的问题导向,以及“从实践中发现新现象和新规律,再将其反馈到解决问题实践中去”的治学科研态度,都给笔者留下了深刻的印象。在国家、社会和企业各个层面都强调“创新驱动”的形势下,以应用为导向,发扬实践精神,具有更加显著的现实意义。

科学研究的重要价值在于坚持应用导向,解决实践问题。科技发展的每一次突破、每一个转折,都与生产和社会实践需求密切相关。而科技进步的成果,又反过来推动了生产和社会实践的革新。事实上,也只有那些能够解决实践问题的科学理论和技术创新才更具有普遍的影响力和长久的生命力。

应用性的缺乏是科学研究领域存在的问题之一。教育水平提升和社会各界对科学技术的重视,既促进了科学研究的不断繁荣,也带来了科研成果的急剧增长。但在这些繁荣和增长的同时,也存在一些不良现象,比如不重视解决实践问题,单纯追求科研成果和学术文章数量的导向等。

应用性的缺乏也体现在科研成果转化率方面。科技成果转化率,是世界各国科技政策的关注点,也是体现科学研究实用价值的重要指标。我国的科研成果转化率与发达国家相比,还有很大的差距。过低的科研成果转化率与近几年我国专利申请数量世界第一、科研论文也位居世界前列的状况相比并不匹配。这其中关键的因素就在于科学研究中缺乏充分的实用性和应用性。

创新驱动战略从战略层面对需求导向进行了规划,要求从基础理论到生产研发再到设计制造、营销服务都必须紧扣经济社会发展重大需求,打通科技成果向现实生产力转化的通道。这当中,需要科学家、科研人员、企业建立起更为紧密、面向实践需求的协作机制,使科研成果转变为现实的产业竞争力和服务社会大众的生产力。

对于科研人员,应倡导科学精神和实践精神相结合。创新驱动,一方面是要“创新”,在科研工作中突出科技含量,提高创新性和科研成果质量。另一方面是要“驱动”,坚持实践精神,利用科技力量驱动生产实践和社会生活。

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