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农村口语教学不该应试化

2017-08-21 05:51:28   中国青年网

目前我国的许多农村中学语文中的口语教学,大多还只是停留于课堂口语情境的创设。而一旦课堂情境结束,学生仍然是回归到习以为常的日常口语情境。由于课堂与日常两种情境隔膜很大,所以,在说惯土语方言的绝大多数农村学生看来,这种“口语”不但成不了他们应对日常的口语,倒更像是一种文明的枷锁。因此,通过喜闻乐见的形式,拉近这种文明的口语与学生日常口语之间的距离,使它逐渐融入学生的生活之中,是当下的急务。

不过,创新农村中学口语教学,教学形式的创新也只能被看作其中的一个方面。如果仅仅停留于此,那也只是玩玩教学花样、尝尝新鲜而已,无法建构一个真正让师生其乐融融的口语教学课堂,其长久的动力应有更多的来源才是。比如老师应创新对农村中学生这个主体的认识。即老师应该想到,从事实层面来说,农村中学生的未来是不完全生活在农村的这片天空之下的。有相当一部分农村学生可能要与相对文明的城市交际空间对接。其次,即使农村中学生的未来全在农村这片广阔天地,现在的农村也是在一天一天地文明进步着,不可能也不应该让农村的中学生说着与祖辈同样的口语,其日常用语也应受到文明的修饰而愈趋得体和新鲜。

除此之外,创新对学科应用的认识,也理应成为改变农村中学口语教学的重要动力。以往许多语文老师,可能大都有这样一种局限性,即认为学生学习口语中的得体用语,主要是为了考试,在课堂上练练嘴、答题时练练笔即可。很少有老师尝试帮助学生把主要用于考试的口语运用到日常生活中。其实,像语文中的得体口语进入农村学生的日常生活,对于整个中国农村的现代化是非常有益的。即使有些典雅的口语在中国农村的应用非常有限,也可给农村学生及其他农村人平添许多欢乐。

总之,作为中考语文改革的一个典型题型——口语交际题,笔者真心希望各位同行不要仅仅为了教学而教学,为了考试而教学。而应该在创新口语教学形式的同时,更要有发自内心的对农村学生的发展与学科专业的应用发展的真正爱心。否则,哪怕喊得再响的教改创新,也可能都会流于形式或应付考试而已。

(作者为湖南省衡南县车江中学教师)

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