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【焦点·关注“双创”中的法律问题】竞业限制之绳如何松紧有度?

2017-08-12 10:17:28   中国青年网

最近,沈阳科新电子有限公司总经理曹阳遇上一件尴尬事:公司签了竞业限制协议的高级技术人员被挖走,公司打赢了官司,拿到了31.2万元的赔偿,可技术人员还是带着价值200万元的产品核心技术到新单位上任了,“眼睁睁地看着自己的产品被复制”。

在竞业限制条款中,用人单位与负有保守用人单位商业秘密义务的劳动者,在劳动合同、知识产权权利归属协议或技术保密协议中作一定的限制性约定。作为保护用人单位商业秘密的重要手段之一,许多企业都会与高级管理人员、高级技术人员和保密人员签订这样的协议。然而,由于用人单位和职工对竞业限制的看法不同,频频引发劳资纠纷。

单位:赢了官司,肥水还是流入外人田

沈阳科新电子有限公司创办于2013年,主营业务包括计算机、办公设备和通信设备等相关产品的研发、代理、销售和相关服务。2014年12月,公司研发出一款微型投影仪产品,受到市场青睐。

甄某是这款投影仪技术团队成员之一。2013年8月,甄某入职,与公司签订了《保密协议》和《竞业限制合同》,约定在任职期间及离职以后两年内保守公司技术秘密和其他商业秘密,不得经营与公司有直接竞争的业务,也不得进入与公司有直接竞争关系的单位工作。如违反约定,应按照离开公司前一年工资收入的5倍标准支付违约金。随后,他担任了公司技术部副部长,年薪6万元。

2015年8月,甄某以工资少为由跳了槽。辽宁丹东的一家电子公司以给甄某每月高出原有工资60%的条件“挖”走了他,并承诺支付竞业限制违约金。其后,他以母亲生病要回丹东老家照顾为由辞职,科新公司按月支付给甄某1500元的竞业限制补偿款。

2016年3月,曹阳发现甄某到丹东的同行业企业就职,遂将他告上法庭。今年6月,法院判决甄某向原公司返还补偿款,并支付违约金合计31.2万元。

协商过程中,丹东的电子公司表示愿意帮甄某支付违约金,可曹阳对此并不满意,“丹东的公司用我们的技术赚了200多万元,出个30万元也乐意。尽管我们公司拿到了赔偿,可损失不止这30万元,也没什么办法让他离开新公司。”曹阳无奈地说。目前,他正着手起诉丹东这家公司侵权。

生产敏感零件的企业高级技术人员辞职后开了一家生产同类产品的企业;互联网公司高级管理人员辞职,带着上百万元的大客户资源入职新公司……沈阳新友创业孵化基地负责人王立存告诉记者,仅他所在的孵化基地2016年就有13起竞业限制纠纷案件。创业初期企业由于发展不稳定、员工工资相对较低,成了“成熟公司”挖人的主要对象,而竞业限制执行难又造成“拦不住人才被挖”的尴尬。

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