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“马赛克疫苗使HIV灭绝”系误读 数据源自动物试验

2017-08-10 20:07:51   央广网

央广网北京8月10日消息(记者刘飞)据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道,8月10日,有媒体报道或是转载了一篇有关人类免疫缺陷病毒HIV疫苗,即艾滋病病毒疫苗研究进展的内容,称某公司“在今年7月24日宣布了全球首次HIV疫苗人体临床试验结果。结果显示,被试志愿者对HIV疫苗耐受性良好”。当中,还列举了一些数据,例如,“100%产生了对抗HIV的抗体”“受试者单次暴露于艾滋病病毒下的感染风险减少了94%”。

一时间,在传播过程中,这被有些人夸张地说成“HIV灭绝了”“今年的诺奖有着落了”。但是,有该领域研究者、学者指出,这类说法是对研究成果的误读。那么,这项成果到底意味着什么?应如何认识这一研究进展?我们离HIV疫苗还有多远?

疫苗测试结果显示“抗御效果明显”?

当地时间7月24日,在法国巴黎召开了第九届国际艾滋病协会艾滋病科学会议。会上,美国强生公司子公司——杨森制药公司以口头报告的形式对外宣布,在一项名为“Approach”的早期临床试验中,他们测试了一款针对艾滋病的“马赛克疫苗”。试验结果显示,393位健康志愿者100%出现抗体反应,而且有较好的耐受性,即没有明显副作用。

对于“100%出现抗体反应”这点,中国疾病预防控制中心首席流行病学专家吴尊友介绍,从医学角度来看,如果是对其他疾病来说,“产生抗体”的含义可能一是感染了某种病原微生物,二是已经康复,三是不会再感染或感染但不会发病了。但是,他强调,对于艾滋病来说,情况很复杂,“100%的抗体到底是什么意思呢?很多人对这个的理解还是不一样的,因为不同的背景情况。从医学来说,对艾滋病的情况就很复杂。这个抗体产生并不代表那三种含义:不代表感染艾滋病后,病人康复了;不代表艾滋病病毒进入人体,人体不再感染了;不代表艾滋病的疾病进程不会继续发展了,也就是说,不能阻止艾滋病的发展。”

此外,在一些媒体先前的报道中,还提到一组数据,“除了在受试者身上100%产生了抗御HIV病毒的抗体外,还让受试者单次暴露于艾滋病病毒(HIV)下感染风险减少了94%,并且有66%的人在6次暴露于HIV下仍受到保护,没有被HIV感染。”对此,不少人理解成其“抗御效果明显”。

荒诞!数据来自动物实验

但是,该领域多名学者和记者查阅了相关信息后发现,这组数据并非来自此次人体临床试验,而是之前的一次动物试验。

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