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强生研制出HIV疫苗? 专家解读:只是初步阶段

2017-08-10 17:33:42   央广网

央广网北京8月10日消息(记者唐明实习记者周婉瑶)据经济之声《天下公司》报道,最近国内多个媒体的一篇外文引述引起了热议。据媒体报道,美国医药公司强生7月24日宣布,旗下正在研究的HIV疫苗获得了可喜的首个临床研究数据。其中第三次疫苗接种后主要分析结果显示,疫苗在100%的研究志愿者中引发抗体反应。

这一样一条消息被国内媒体解读为抗艾滋病疫苗即将问世。真的是这样吗?成都先导药物开发有限公司高级总监万金桥博士告诉记者,他昨天晚上看到了强生公司的英文原版报告全文,全文中只是对疫苗的安全性进行了叙述,并没有提到疫苗的有效性。

万金桥说:“我昨天看到的时候查了一下,发现这实际上是被媒体曲解了。它确实公布了一部分结果,但那些结果都是针对安全性的,是针对安全性作出的评价而不是有效性。疫苗最终能否在人身上体现有效性目前还不得而知,目前有效性的数据是基于在猴子身上做的试验。”

看来是媒体过度解读了。按照万金桥的说法,这次强生所公布的数据只能说明志愿者安全的接种了疫苗,但疫苗到底能不能抵抗艾滋病毒还需要进一步验证。

强生公司首席科学官保罗说:“最近几年来,对于研制出有效的HIV疫苗,我们的情绪越来越乐观,今天的试验数据增强了我们的信心,我们将尽快开展下一阶段的临床试验。”

一位业内人士表示,根据以往经验即使接下来的验证都十分顺利,疫苗也要在5-10年之后才能上市。

业内人士称:“新闻其实表述的很清楚,疫苗只是出现了一个抗体有了一个初步的结果,但是疫苗到底什么时候可以上市则是很久以后的事情了。化学药剂的临床试验要两到三年,到临床三期还需要一到两年左右的时间,在这之后还要一年多的时间上市,所以整个时间还是比较长的。”

这次公布的临床研究使用了一类基于“马赛克”嵌合型技术的疫苗。马赛克疫苗早在几年前就已研发出来,并在动物身上进行了试验。2013年,研发马赛克疫苗的哈佛大学医学院的研究人员在《细胞》杂志上报告称,他们利用艾滋病病毒的3种主要蛋白研发出了马赛克疫苗。

1981年,科学家们在美国加州的同性恋男子身上发现了人类第一例艾滋病。1984年,这种病毒首次被分离出来。在显微镜下,它像一个表面被小刺球包裹得严严实实的松果。

国际上最早开始艾滋病候选疫苗临床试验的时间是1987年,全球征集了两千多名志愿者,进行了二十多种疫苗评估,然而,30多年过去了,人们仍然没有找到一款能像接种牛痘预防天花那样有效的艾滋病疫苗。

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