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抓牢供给侧结构性改革这条主线

2017-08-10 06:36:42   中国青年网

坚持供给侧结构性改革的主线地位,是确保经济平稳健康发展的必然要求,是确保供给侧结构性改革得到深化的必然要求,也是确保守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线的必然要求。要在“三去一降一补”上有所作为

日前,中共中央政治局召开会议,分析研究当前经济形势,部署下半年经济工作。会议强调,要坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线,适度扩大总需求,加强预期引导,深化创新驱动,确保经济平稳健康发展,确保供给侧结构性改革得到深化,确保守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线。

可以说,坚持供给侧结构性改革的主线地位,是确保经济平稳健康发展的必然要求。中央经济工作会议指出,我国经济运行面临的突出矛盾和问题,根源在于重大结构性失衡,必须从供给侧结构性改革上想办法。深入推进供给侧结构性改革,有利于提高供给体系的质量和效率,化解经济转型发展面临的内生性、结构性突出矛盾,更有利于推动经济发展从量变到质变的跨越。

坚持供给侧结构性改革的主线地位,是确保供给侧结构性改革得到深化的必然要求。从历史经验来看,重大结构性失衡源于资源配置和经济结构不合理,而非市场需求不足。当前我国推进的供给侧结构性改革的根本,就是立足消费升级需求,把供给侧改革和需求侧管理有效结合,促进资源有效配置和经济结构调整,实现总供给和总需求的均衡。坚持供给侧结构性改革的主线地位,将推动供给侧结构性改革向全方位延伸,向纵深化发展,向短板处突破。

坚持供给侧结构性改革的主线地位,是确保守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线的必然要求。第五次全国金融工作会议明确了维护国家金融安全的核心目标,深化供给侧结构性改革就是妥善化解重大风险隐患的重要支撑。其一,部分产能过剩行业占据大量资金存量,这些行业往往债务负担较重。去产能有利于调整信贷资产的行业结构,规避过剩产能行业占比过大带来的经营风险。其二,今年以来房地产贷款增速回落,但房地产金融风险仍是风险防控的重点领域,去库存任重道远。其三,非金融企业部门的债务率已成为当前我国最突出的债务问题。去杠杆有利于降低这些部门的杠杆率,从根本上化解高杠杆债务风险。

既然明确了必须坚持供给侧结构性改革的主线地位,那么接下来就要从重点任务上实现突破。具体来说,就是要在“三去一降一补”上有所作为。

从去产能来看,下半年的关键在于将去产能与结构调整、产业转型、企业重组、需求管理相结合,依靠市场化、法治化手段处置“僵尸企业”。

从去库存来看,下半年,须继续坚持分类调控,因城因地施策。在一二线热点城市,去库存要与城镇居民消费升级相适应,合理控制信贷投放;在三四线城市,要重点加快城市对农村转移人口的融合,缓解库存压力过大的问题。

从去杠杆来看,下半年的关键是优化杠杆结构,具体到国有企业,市场化债转股和兼并重组将成为其重点攻坚方向。

从降成本来看,减税降费仍是主要抓手,重点将落在继续推进营改增、完善地方收费清单和清理政府性基金三个方面。

从补短板来看,从人民群众迫切需要解决的突出问题着手,重点在市政和环保基础设施、就业创业等方面加大政策支持力度。

(作者系恒丰银行研究院商业银行研究中心主任)

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